[38].Surah Suad: Ayat 23

২৩. সে আমার ভাই, সে নিরানব্বই দুম্বার মালিক আর আমি মালিক একটি মাদী দুম্বার। এরপরও সে বলেঃ এটিও আমাকে দিয়ে দাও। সে কথাবার্তায় আমার উপর বল প্রয়োগ করে।

Ayat 23. (One of the Appellants said O Prophet Dawud PBUH (David), Verily, this my brother (in religion) has ninety nine lambs, while I have (only) one lamb, and he says: "Hand it over to me, and he overpowered me in speech."

Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 23. The brother who was most aggrieved said: "This my brother has a flock of ninety-nine sheep, and I have but one; yet he wants me to give up my one sheep to his keeping; and moreover he is not even fair-spoken. He talks like one meditating mischief, and he has not even the grace to ask as an equal, of one sharing in a business or inheritance. What shall I do?"

Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Help your brother, whether he is an oppressor or is oppressed". A man enquired: "O Messenger of Allah! I help him when he is oppressed, but how can I help him when he is an oppressor?'' He [SAWW](PBUH) said, "You can keep him from committing oppression. That will be your help to him".  [Al-Bukhari Volume 3, Book 43, Hadith Number 624].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah As-Suad Ayat 23. (One of the Appellants said O Prophet Dawud PBUH (David), Verily, this my brother (in religion) has ninety nine lambs, while I have (only) one lamb, and he says: "Hand it over to me, and he overpowered me in speech." This Hadith contains a very comprehensive injunction to eliminate disturbance and tyranny in the Muslim society. It not only ordains helping the oppressed but also encourages people endowed with moral courage to stop the oppressor's oppression. Doing so requires great courage and boldness, but Muslims would be able to do full justice to their duty of wishing well to their fellow Muslims when they develop the moral courage to stop the oppressor from tyranny, or at least protest against it verbally.

[38].Surah Suad: Ayat 22

২২. যখন তারা দাউদের কাছে অনুপ্রবেশ করল, তখন সে সন্ত্রস্ত হয়ে পড়ল। তারা বললঃ ভয় করবেন না; আমরা বিবদমান দুটি পক্ষ, একে অপরের প্রতি বাড়াবাড়ি করেছি। অতএব, আমাদের মধ্যে ন্যায়বিচার করুন, অবিচার করবেন না। আমাদেরকে সরল পথ প্রদর্শন করুন।

Ayat 22. When they (petitioners reached) and entered in upon Dawud PBUH (David), he was terrified of them, they said: "Fear not! (We are) two litigants, one of whom has wronged the other, therefore judge between us with truth, and treat us not with injustice, and guide us to the Right Way.

Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 22. David PBUH was used to retiring to his private chamber at stated times for his devotions. One day, suddenly, his privacy was invaded by two men, who had obtained access by climbing over a wall. David PBUH was disturbed by the apparition. But they said: "We have come to seek thy justice as king: we are brothers, and we have a quarrel, which we wish thee to decide."

Hazrat Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) heard the voices of altercation of two disputants at the door; both the voices were quite loud. One was asking the other to make his debts little (so that he could pay them) and was pleading with him to show leniency to him, whereupon the (other one) said: "By Allah, I will not do that". Then there came Messenger of Allah (PBUH) to them and said, "Where is he who swore by Allah that he would not do good?'' He said: "O Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH), it is me. Now he may do as he desires". [Al-Bukhari Hadith # 2705 and Muslim Hadith # 1557].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah As-Suad Ayat 22 “one of whom has wronged the other, therefore judge between us with truth, and treat us not with injustice, and guide us to the Right Way" This Hadith highlights the following four main points:

1. It is desirable to help someone who is in straitened circumstances because of a debt. If the lender forgives a part of the loan or gives concession of time in repayment of loan, it is an act of great merit. As Allah says: "And if the debtor is in a hard time (has no money), then grant him time till it is easy for him to repay; but if you remit it by way of charity, that is better for you if you did but know.'' (2:280)

2. If someone seems to incline towards evil, he should be scolded so that he would keep himself away from it and would turn to virtue.

3. Such people who quarrel among themselves should not be left to mutual bickering but efforts should be made for their reconciliation.

4. People who are quarrelling should also co-operate with those who make efforts for reconciliation, and respect their spirit of goodwill.

[38].Surah Suad: Ayat 020-021

২০. আমি তাঁর সাম্রাজ্যকে সুদৃঢ় করেছিলাম এবং তাঁকে দিয়েছিলাম প্রজ্ঞা ও ফয়সালাকারী বাগ্নীতা।

২১. আপনার কাছে দাবীদারদের বৃত্তান্ত পৌছেছে, যখন তারা প্রাচীর ডিঙ্গীয়ে এবাদত খানায় প্রবেশ করেছিল। 

Ayat 20. Allah made his [Dawud PBUH (David)] kingdom strong and gave him Al-Hikmah(Prophethood, etc.) and sound judgment in speech and decision.

Ayat 21. And (O Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) has the news of the litigants reached you? When they climbed over the wall into (his) Mihrab (a praying place a private room of [Dawud PBUH (David)].

Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 20. Allah strengthened his kingdom, and gave him wisdom and sound judgment in speech and decision. Cf. 21:79 for David's sound judgment in decisions; he could also express himself aptly, as his Psalms bear witness. Ayat 21. Has the Story of the Disputants reached thee? Behold, they climbed over the wall of the private chamber. David was a pious man, and he had a well-guarded private chamber (Mihrab) for Prayer and Praise.

Hazrat Abu Musa (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "The similitude of guidance and knowledge with which Allah has sent me is like a rain which has fallen on some ground. A fertile part of earth has absorbed water and brought forth much grass and herbs. Another part, which is solid, held the water and Allah benefits men thereby, who drank and gave others to drink, and used it for irrigation. But some of it has fallen on a portion of sandy land which neither retains the water nor produces herbage. Such is the likeness of the man who understands the religion of Allah and who gets benefit of what Allah has sent me with; he learns and teaches others. It is also the likeness of the man who neither raises his head on that account (meaning he does not benefit from what the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) was sent with) nor accepts Allah's Guidance with which I am sent". [Al-Bukhari Book 01, Chapter 03, Hadith # 079]

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah As-Suad Ayat 20. “Allah made his [Dawud PBUH (David)] kingdom strong and gave him Al-Hikmah” In this Hadith the guidance and knowledge which was sent to mankind through the Prophet (PBUH) is compared to the rain which is beneficial, because this knowledge resuscitates the dead hearts as does the rain to a barren land. One who makes use of this knowledge is likened to a good soil, and one who acquires this knowledge and imparts it to others but does not put it into practice is considered akin to a hard land which holds water and other people utilize it. A person who neither learns it nor acts upon it is like a desolate land which neither holds water nor produces anything. Such a person is the worst of all because he neither himself benefits from it nor lets others make use of it. This Hadith induces one to acquire knowledge, impart it to others, put it into actual practice and warns people from neglecting this duty.

[38].Surah Suad: Ayat 018-019

১৮. আমি পর্বতমালাকে তার অনুগামী করে দিয়েছিলাম, তারা সকাল-সন্ধ্যায় তার সাথে পবিত্রতা ঘোষণা করত; 

১৯. আর পক্ষীকুলকেও, যারা তার কাছে সমবেত হত। বাই ছিল তাঁর প্রতি প্রত্যাবর্তনশীল।

Ayat 18. Verily, Allah made the mountains to glorify Our Praises with him [Dawud PBUH (David)] in the 'Ashi (i.e. after the mid-day till sunset) and Ishraq (i.e. after the sunrise till mid-day).

Ayat 19. And (so did) the birds assembled: all with him [Dawud PBUH (David)] did turn (to Allah i.e. glorified His Praises).

Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 18. It was Allah that made the hills declare, in unison with him, Our Praises, at eventide and at break of day, 21:79. All nature sings in unison and celebrates the praises of Allah. David was given the gift of music and psalmody, and therefore the hills and birds are expressed as singing Allah's praises in unison with him. The special hours when the hills and groves echo the songs of birds are in the evening and at dawn, when also the birds gather together, for those are respectively their roosting hours and the hours of their concerted flight for the day. Ayat 19. And the birds gathered (in assemblies): all with him did turn (to Allah). Note the mutual echo between this verse and verse 17 of this Surah. The Arabic awwab is common to both, and it furnishes the rhyme or rhythm of the greater part of this Surah, thus echoing the main theme: 'Turn to Allah in Prayer and Praise, for that is more than any worldly power or wisdom.'

Hazrat Abu Dharr (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "In the morning, charity is due on every joint bone of the body of every one of you. Every utterance of Allah's Glorification (i.e., saying Subhan Allah) is an act of charity, and every utterance of His Praise (i.e., saying Al-hamdu lillah) is an act of charity and every utterance of declaration of His Greatness (i.e., saying La ilaha illAllah) is an act of charity; and enjoining Maruf (good) is an act of charity, and forbidding Munkar (evil) is an act of charity, and two Rak`ah Duha prayers which one performs in the forenoon is equal to all this (in reward).'' [Muslim Hadith # 1557].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah As-Suad Ayat 18. “Allah made the mountains to glorify Our Praises with him [Dawud PBUH (David)] in the 'Ashi (i.e. after the mid-day till sunset) and Ishraq”"Charity is due from every joint bone" means that when a person gets up in the morning, it is obligatory for him to thank Allah for having every joint of his intact. Therefore, one must praise and glorify Allah. Since a single invocation of the words mentioned in this Hadith is equivalent to one Sadaqah, one must say these words for 360 times - a number which equals the number of joints in man's body. Moreover, to enjoin someone to do what is good and dissuade somebody from vice constitutes Sadaqah. However, if one performs two Rak`ah of Ishraq Duha prayer, it will serve for Sadaqah for all the joints of the body. Thus, this Hadith highlights the merits and importance of Ishraq Duha prayer. We also learn from this Hadith that Sadaqah is not restricted to spending money alone but also has a vast meaning and covers all forms of virtues mentioned here.

[38].Surah Suad: Ayat 017

১৭. তারা যা বলে তাতে আপনি সবর করুন এবং আমার শক্তিশালী বান্দা দাউদকে স্মরণ করুন। সে ছিল আমার প্রতি প্রত্যাবর্তনশীল।

Ayat 17. Be patient (O Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) of what (offenses and deceitful things) they say, and remember Allah's servant Dawud PBUH (David), endued with power. Verily, he was ever oft-returning in all matters and in repentance (toward Allah).

Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 17. Have patience at what they say, and remember our servant David, the man of strength: for he ever turned (to Allah. David was a man of exceptional strength, for even as a raw youth, he slew the Philistine giant Goliath. See 2:249-252. Before that fight, he was mocked by his enemies and chidden even by his own elder brother. But he relied upon Allah, and won through, and afterwards became king.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-Aas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Convey from me even an Ayah of the Qur'an; relate traditions from Banu Israel, and there is no restriction on that; but he who deliberately forges a lie against me let him have his abode in the Hell.'' [Al-Bukhari 04, Chapter 56, Hadith # 667].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah As-Suad Ayat 17. “Be patient (O Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) of what (offenses and deceitful things) they say” This Hadith contains the following three important points: 1. It stresses the importance of acquiring knowledge of the Qur'an and Hadith and imparting it to others. No matter whether one has more or less knowledge, he must communicate it to others. There is no justification to presume that preaching or inviting to the Message of Allah is the duty of religious scholars and those who are well-versed in this sphere. In fact, it is a duty upon every Muslim, so much so that if a person knows even a single Verse of the Qur'an, that is to say if he knows only one injunction of Allah, he is duty bound to communicate it to other people. 2. It allows the communication of Jewish Traditions but this permission is subject to the condition that such Traditions are not against the elucidations of the Qur'an and Hadith. 3. There is a stern warning on attributing any false saying to the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH). This demands strict scrutiny of Ahadith. If a Hadith does not have a reliable authority or whose chain of narrators has a false link or a person of doubtful integrity that is to say if it is weak, then it is a serious offense to quote it as a Hadith of the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH).

[38].Surah Suad: Ayat 016

১৬. তারা বলে, হে আমাদের পরওয়ারদেগার, আমাদের প্রাপ্য অংশ হিসাব দিবসের আগেই দিয়ে দাও।

Ayat 16. They (Pagans of Makkah) say: "Our Lord! Hasten to us Qittana (i.e. our Record of good and bad deeds so that we see it) before the Day of Reckoning!"

Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 16. They say: "Our Lord! Hasten to us our sentence (even) before the Day of Account!" Cf. 26:204. Those who do not believe in the Hereafter say ironically: "Let us have our punishment and sentence now: why delay it?" The last verse and the next verse supply the commentary. As to those who mock, they will find out the truth soon enough, when it is too late for repentance or mercy. As to the prophets of Allah, who are mocked, they must wait patiently for Allah to fulfil His Plan: even men who had worldly strength and power, like David, had to exercise infinite patience when mocked by their contemporaries.

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah[SAWW](PBUH) said,  "Allah does not look at your figures, nor at your attire but He looks at your hearts and accomplishments".

[Muslim Book 32, Chapter 08, Hadith # 6221].

Lesson: This Hadith highlights the importance of sincerity and good intention. It is, therefore, essential that every noble action should be based on these two virtues; and heart should be free from all such things that destroy noble deeds. Hypocrisy, ostentation, greed for wealth, riches and other worldly things fall in the category of such evils. Since the true condition of heart is known to Allah alone, the true position of one's actions will be known on the Day of Resurrection when one will be required for them by Allah. In this world, one will be treated according to his apparent condition while his insight will be left to Allah.

[38].Surah Suad: Ayat 12-15

১২. তাদের পূর্বেও মিথ্যারোপ করেছিল নূহের সম্প্রদায়, আদ, কীলক বিশিষ্ট ফেরাউন, 

১৩. সামুদ, লূতের সম্প্রদায় ও আইকার লোকেরা। এরাই ছিল বহু বাহিনী।

১৪. এদের প্রত্যেকেই পয়গম্বরগণের প্রতি মিথ্যারোপ করেছে। ফলে আমার আযাব প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়েছে।

১৫. কেবল একটি মহানাদের অপেক্ষা করছে, যাতে দম ফেলার অবকাশ থাকবে না।

Ayat 12. Before them (were many who) belied Messengers, the people of Nuh PBUH (Noah); and 'Ad; and Fir'aun (Pharaoh) the man of stakes (with which he used to punish the people),

Ayat 13. And Thamud, and the people of Lout PBUH (Lot), and the dwellers of the wood; such were the confederates.

Ayat 14. Not one of them but belied the Messengers, therefore My Torment was justified,

Ayat 15. And these only wait for a single Saihah [shout (i.e. the blowing of the Trumpet by the angel Israfil Sarafil)] there will be no pause or ending thereto [till everything will perish except Allah (the only God full of Majesty, Bounty and Honor)].

Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 12. Before them (were many who) rejected messengers,- the people of Noah, and ´Ad, and Pharaoh, the Lord of Stake, In their day, Noah's contemporaries, or 'Ad and Thamud, so frequently mentioned, or Pharaoh the mighty king of Egypt, or the people to whom Lot was sent (Cf. 37:75-82; 7:65-79, 7:103-137, 7:80-84) were examples of arrogance and rebellion against Allah: they rejected the divine Message brought by their messengers, and they all came to an evil end. Will not their posterity learn their lesson? The title of Pharaoh, "Lord of the Stakes", denotes power and arrogance, in all or any of the following ways: (1) the stake makes a tent firm and stable, and is a symbol of firmness and stability; (2) many stakes mean a large camp and a numerous army to fight; (3) impaling with stakes was a cruel punishment resorted to by the Pharaohs in arrogant pride of power. Ayat 13. And Thamud, and the people of Lot PBUH, and the Companions of the Wood; - such were the Confederates. Companions of the Wood: see 15:78, Ayat 14. Not one (of them) but rejected the messengers, but My punishment came justly and inevitably (on them). Cf. 15:64, and 22:18 . Ayat 15. These (today) only wait for a single mighty Blast, which (when it comes) will brook no delay. Cf. 36:29, Fawaq. Delay, the interval between one milking of a she-camel, and another, either to give her a breathing space or to give her young time to suck—or perhaps the milker to adjust his fingers. Such an interval will be quite short. The derived meaning is that when the inevitable punishment for sin arrives, it will not tarry, but do its work without delay.

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah[SAWW](PBUH) recited, "That Day it (the earth) will reveal its news (about all that happened over it of good or evil).'' (99:4). Then he [SAWW](PBUH) inquired, "Do you know what its news are?'' He was told: "Allah and His Messenger know better". He said, "Its news is that it shall bear witness against every slave man and woman they did on its back. It will say: `You did this and this on such and such day.' Those will be its news.''

[At-Tirmidhi, Hadith # 2429]

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah As-Suad Ayat 15. “And these only wait for a single Saihah[shout (i.e. the blowing of the Trumpet by the angel Israfil Sarafil)]” It has stern warning for people that however they may try to hide their sins from others, they will not be able to save themselves from Allah and His system of accountability. This Hadith makes evident the perfect Omnipotence of Allah by telling us that He will bestow power of speech on the earth and it will bear witness to the acts committed on its surface. It’s very easy for us the modern human to understand with technology at its peak, as Hadith says `"You did this and this on such and such day". Recording of each action via CCTV and other source of surveillance Camera recording, each and every move made by us, the earth bear witness against us It will say: `You did this and this on such and such day.