[30].Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans]: Ayat 29

২৯. বরং যারা যে-ইনসাফ, তারা অজ্ঞানতাবশতঃ তাদের খেয়াল-খূশীর অনুসরণ করে থাকে। অতএব, আল্লাহ যাকে পথভ্রষ্ট করেন, তাকে কে বোঝাবে? তাদের কোন সাহায্যকারী নেই।

Ayat 29. Nay, but those who do wrong follow their own lusts without knowledge, Then who will guide him whom Allah has sent astray? And for such there will be no helpers.

Tafseer of Surah Al Rum (The Romans) Ayat 29. Nay, the wrong-doers (merely) follow their own lusts, being devoid of knowledge. But who will guide those whom Allah leaves astray? To them there will be no helpers. The wrongdoers—those who deliberately reject Allah's guidance and break Allah's Law-have put themselves out of the region of Allah's mercy. In this they have put themselves outside the pale of the knowledge of what is for their own good. In such a case they must suffer the consequences of the personal responsibility which flows from the grant of a limited free will. Who can then guide them or help them?

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said,  "Every one of my followers will be forgiven except those who expose (openly) their wrongdoings. An example of this is that of a man who commits a sin at night which Allah has covered for him, and in the morning, he would say (to people): "I committed such and such sin last night,' while Allah had kept it a secret. During the night Allah has covered it up but in the morning he tears up the cover provided by Allah Himself.''

[Bukhari Book.08, Chapter 73, Hadith # 95]. 

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans] Ayat 29. “but those who do wrong follow their own lusts without knowledge, Then who will guide him whom Allah has sent astray” We learn from this Hadith that commission of a sin due to human frailties on which one is ashamed but does not like to express is something which might hopefully be forgiven by Allah. In fact, its remission after penitence is almost sure. But to commit a sin openly is totally different because, firstly, the heart of such a person is deprived of the fear of Allah. Secondly, he has no respect and regard for Divine injunctions. Thirdly, such a person usually does not repent his sins. Fourthly, he makes a declaration of breach of Divine injunctions which amounts to inviting His wrath and punishment. 

[30].Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans]: Ayat 28

২৮. আল্লাহ তোমাদের জন্যে তোমাদেরই মধ্য থেকে একটি দৃষ্টান্ত বর্ণনা করেছেনঃ তোমাদের আমি যে রুযী দিয়েছি, তোমাদের অধিকারভুক্ত দাস-দাসীরা কি তাতে তোমাদের সমান সমান অংশীদার? তোমরা কি তাদেরকে সেরূপ ভয় কর, যেরূপ নিজেদের লোককে ভয় কর? এমনিভাবে আমি সমঝদার সম্প্রদায়ের জন্যে নিদর্শনাবলী বিস্তারিত বর্ণনা করি।

Ayat 28. He sets forth for you a parable from your ownselves, - Do you have partners among those whom your right hands possess (i.e your slaves) to share as equals in the wealth We have bestowed on you? Whom you fear as you fear each other? Thus do We explain the signs in detail to a people who have sense.

Tafseer of Surah Al Rum (The Romans) Ayat 28. He does propound to you a similitude from your own (experience): do ye have partners among those whom your right hands possess, to share as equals in the wealth We have bestowed on you? Do ye fear them as ye fear each other? Thus do we explain the Signs in detail to a people that understand. One way in which we can get some idea of the things higher than our own plane is to think of Parables and Similitude’s drawn from our own lives and experience. And such a Similitude or Parable is offered to us now about false worship. See next note. Allah is far higher above His Creation than any, the highest, of His creatures can be above any, the lowest, of His creatures. And yet would a man share his wealth on equal terms with his dependents? Even what he calls his wealth is not really his own, but given by Allah. It is "his" in common speech by reason merely of certain accidental circumstances. How then can men raise Allah's creatures to equality with Allah in worship? Men fear each other as equals in a state of society at perpetual warfare. To remove this fear they appoint an authority among themselves-a King or sovereign authority whom they consider just-to preserve them from this fear and give them an established order. But they must obey and revere this authority and depend upon this authority for their own tranquility and security. Even with their equals there is always the fear of public opinion. But men do not fear, or obey, or revere those who are their slaves or dependents. Man is dependent on Allah. And Allah is the Sovereign authority in an infinitely higher sense. He is in no sense dependent on us, but we must honour and revere Him and fear to disobey His Will or His Law. "The fear of Allah is the beginning of wisdom." Cf. 6:55 and 7:32,.

Hazrat Tamim bin Aus Ad-Dari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Ad-Deen is sincerity". We said: "For whom?'' He replied, "For Allah, His Book, His Messenger and for the leaders of the Muslims and their masses".  [Muslim Book 01, Chapter 24, Hadith # 098]

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans] Ayat 28. “Thus do We explain the signs in detail to a people who have sense” This Hadith stresses the importance and merits of general sincerity. Sincerity for Allah here means that one must have true faith in Him and He should be worshipped with full devotion and sincerity. Sincerity for the Qur'an means that one should confirm its truth with one's full heart and mind, recite it regularly, act upon the injunctions contained in it with meticulous care and strictly avoid its misinterpretation. Sincerity of the Prophet  (PBUH) means sincere confirmation of his Prophet hood, faithful obedience of his orders and adherence to his Sunnah. The goodwill of the Muslim rulers stands here for co-operating with them in their lawful orders and obedience of their such orders which are free from any trace of sin. If they deviate from the Straight Path they should be persuaded to turn to virtue. One should not revolt against them unless they commit infidelity. The goodwill of the Muslim masses means that one should work for the betterment of their life in this world and the Hereafter. They should be provided the right guidance, induced to perform good deeds and deterred from evils.   

[30].Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans]: Ayat 26-27

২৬. নভোমন্ডলে ও ভুমন্ডলে যা কিছু আছে, সব তাঁরই। সবাই তাঁর আজ্ঞাবহ।

২৭. তিনিই প্রথমবার সৃষ্টিকে অস্তিত্বে আনয়ন করেন, অতঃপর তিনি সৃষ্টি করবেন। এটা তাঁর জন্যে সহজ। আকাশ ও পৃথিবীতে সর্বোচ্চ মর্যাদা তাঁরই এবং তিনিই পরাক্রমশালী, প্রজ্ঞাময়।

Ayat 26. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth. All are obedient to Him.

Ayat 27. And He it is Who originates the creation, then will repeat it (after it has been perished), and this is easier for Him. His is the highest description (i.e. none has the right to be worshipped but He, and there is nothing comparable unto Him) in the heavens and in the earth. And He is the All ­Mighty, the All­ Wise.

Tafseer of Surah Al Rum (The Romans) Ayat 26 and 27. To Him belongs every being that is in the heavens and on earth: all are devoutly obedient to Him. All nature in Creation not only obeys Allah, but devoutly obeys Him, i.e., glories in its privilege of service and obedience. Why should we not do likewise? It is part of our original un-spoilt nature, and we must respond to it, as all beings do, by their very nature. Ayat 27. It is He Who begins (the process of) creation; then repeats it; and for Him it is most easy. To Him belongs the loftiest similitude (we can think of) in the heavens and the earth: for He is Exalted in Might, full of wisdom. Cf. 30:11 above, where the same phrase began the argument about the beginning and end of all things being with Allah. This has been illustrated by reference to various Signs in Creation, and now the argument is rounded off with the same phrase. Allah's glory and Allah's attributes are above any names we can give them. Human language is not adequate to express them. We can only form some idea of them at our present stage by means of Similitude’s and Parables. But even so, the highest we can think of falls short of the true Reality. For Allah is higher and wiser than the highest and wisest we can think of (Cf. 16:60).

Hazrat Anas bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) delivered a Khutbah to us the like of which I had never heard from him before. He said, "If you knew what I know, you would laugh little and weep much". Thereupon those present covered their faces and began sobbing.

[Al-Bukhari Volume 8, Book 76, Hadith # 493].

Another narration is: Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) heard of something about his Companions upon which he addressed them and said, "Jannah and (Hell) Fire were shown to me and I have never seen the like of this day in good and in evil. If you were to know what I know, you would laugh little and weep much". His Companions experienced such suffering on that day that had no equal. They covered their faces and began to weep. [Al-Bukhari].

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans] Ayat 26. “whatever is in the heavens and the earth. All are obedient to Him”We learn from this Hadith that Jannah and Hell do exist. The Prophet (PBUH) was shown both of them. 2. Excessive laughing is improper because it indicates that one is careless and forgetful of the Hereafter, while a Muslim is required to be all the time alert and careful about it. 3. To weep out of fear of Allah, is praiseworthy because it indicates that one's heart is full of fear and he is worried about the Hereafter.

[30].Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans]: Ayat 25

২৫. তাঁর অন্যতম নিদর্শন এই যে, তাঁরই আদেশে আকাশ ও পৃথিবী প্রতিষ্ঠিত আছে। অতঃপর যখন তিনি মৃত্তিকা থেকে উঠার জন্যে তোমাদের ডাক দেবেন, তখন তোমরা উঠে আসবে।

Ayat 25. And among His (Allah’s) Signs is that the heaven and the earth stand by His Command, then afterwards when He will call you by single call, behold, you will come out from the earth (i.e. from your graves for reckoning and recompense).

Tafseer of Surah Al Rum (The Romans) Ayat 25. And among His Signs is this that heaven and earth stand by His Command: then when He calls you, by a single call, from the earth, behold, ye (straightway) come forth. In the physical world, the sky and the earth, as we see them, stand unsupported, by the artistry of Allah. They bear witness to Allah, and in-that our physical life depends on them-the earth for its produce and the sky for rain, the heat of the sun, and other phenomena of nature-they call to our mind our relation to Allah Who made them and us. How can we then be so dense as not to realize that our higher Future-our Ma'ad-is, bound up with the call and the mercy of Allah!

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said,  "Hasten to do good deeds before you are overtaken by one of the seven afflictions.'' Then (giving a warning) he said, "Are you waiting for poverty which will make you unmindful of devotion, or prosperity which will make you corrupt, or a disease which will disable you, or senility which will make you mentally unstable, or sudden death which will take you all of a sudden, or Ad-Dajjal who is the worst expected, or the Hour; and the Hour will be most grievous and most bitter.'' [At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 2306].

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans] Ayat 25. “His (Allah’s) Signs is that the heaven and the earth stand by His Command, then afterwards when He will call you” The Hadith focuses on seven things which hold back man from the virtuous path. Taking in consideration the turning health and the brief span of life to his account, he is, therefore, apt to gather up good deeds for the Hereafter because an untoward situation may confront him any moment and render him unable to do good things to his benefit in the otherworldly life. 

[30].Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans]: Ayat 24

২৪. তাঁর আরও নিদর্শনঃ তিনি তোমাদেরকে দেখান বিদ্যুৎ, ভয় ও ভরসার জন্যে এবং আকাশ থেকে পানি বর্ষণ করেন, অতঃপর তদ্দ্বারা ভূমির মৃত্যুর পর তাকে পুনরুজ্জীবিত করেন। নিশ্চয় এতে বুদ্ধিমান লোকদের জন্যে নিদর্শনাবলী রয়েছে।

Ayat 24. And among His (Allah’s) Signs is that He shows you the lightning, by way of fear and hope, and He sends down water (rain) from the sky, and therewith revives the earth after its death. Verily, in that are indeed signs for a people who understand.

Tafseer of Surah Al Rum (The Romans) Ayat 24. And among His Signs, He shows you the lightning, by way both of fear and of hope, and He sends down rain from the sky and with it gives life to the earth after it is dead: verily in that are Signs for those who are wise. Cf. 13:12 . To cowards lightning and thunder appear as terrible forces of nature: lightning seems to kill and destroy where its irresistible progress is not assisted by proper lightning-conductors. But lightning is also a herald of rain-bearing clouds and showers that bring fertility and prosperity in their train. This double aspect is also symbolical of spiritual fears and hopes-fears lest we may not be found receptive or worthy of the irresistible perspicuous Message of Allah, and hopes that we may receive in the right spirit and be blessed by its mighty power of transformation to achieve spiritual well-being. Note that the repetition of the phrase "gives life to the earth after it is dead" connects this verse with verse 19 above: in other words, the Revelation, which we must receive with wisdom and understanding, is a Sign of Allah's own power and mercy, and is vouchsafed in order to safeguard our own final Future.

Next, we must approach the higher reaches of spiritual hopes and fears, as symbolized by such subtle forces of nature as lightning and electricity, which may kill the foolish or bring prosperity in its train by rain and abundant harvests; to understand the highest spiritual hopes and fears so symbolized, we want the highest wisdom (30:24).

Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) was passing through the bazaar with his Companions on his both sides, when he saw a dead skinny lamb. He held its ear and said, "Who of you would like to have it for a dirham". They replied, "We do not like to get it for nothing, and what shall we do with it?". Then he (PBUH) asked, "Would you like to have it for nothing?". They replied, "Had it been alive, it would have been defective because it is skinny; but when dead it is of no use". Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Truly, the world is more contemptible to Allah than this (the dead lamb) is to you".  [Muslim Book 42, Chapter 01, Hadith # 7059].

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans] Ayat 24. “Verily, in that are indeed signs for a people who understand” This Hadith also shows the futility of this world for which one struggles so madly throughout his life. It is also an indication that the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) used to seize the right opportunities to guide and teach his followers. 

[30].Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans]: Ayat 23

২৩. তাঁর আরও নিদর্শনঃ রাতে ও দিনে তোমাদের নিদ্রা এবং তাঁর কৃপা অন্বেষণ। নিশ্চয় এতে মনোযোগী সম্প্রদায়ের জন্যে নিদর্শনাবলী রয়েছে।

Ayat 23. And among His (Allah’s) Signs is the sleep that you take by night and by day, and your seeking of His Bounty. Verily, in that are indeed signs for a people who listen.

Tafseer of Surah Al Rum (The Romans) Ayat 23. And among His Signs is the sleep that ye take by night and by day, and the quest that ye (make for livelihood) out of His Bounty: verily in that are signs for those who hearken. If we consider deeply, sleep and dreams, the refreshment we get from sleep to wakefulness as well as from wakefulness to sleep, as also the state of our thoughts and feelings and subconscious self in these conditions, are both wonderful and mysterious. Normally, we sleep by night and do our ordinary work "in quest of the Bounty of Allah" by day. But sleep and rest may come and be necessary by day, and we may have to work by night. And our work for our livelihood may pass by insensible transitions to our work or thought or service of a higher and spiritual kind. These processes suggest a background of things which we know but vaguely, but which are as much miracles as other Signs of Allah.  From verse 20 to verse 25 are mentioned a series of Signs or Miracles, which should awaken our souls and lead us to true Reality if we try to understand Allah.

(1) There is our own origin and destiny, which must necessarily be our subjective starting-point: "I think; therefore I am": no particular exertion of our being is here necessary (30:20).

(2) The first beginnings of social life arise through sex and love: see 4:1, and to understand this in all its bearing, we must "reflect" (30:21).

(3) The next point is to understand our diversities in speech, colour, etc., arising from differences of climate and external conditions; yet there is unity beneath that diversity, which we shall realize by extended knowledge (30:22).

(4) Next we turn to our psychological conditions, sleep, rest, visions, insight, etc.; here we want teaching and guidance, to which we must hearken (30:23).

(5) Next, we must approach the higher reaches of spiritual hopes and fears, as symbolized by such subtle forces of nature as lightning and electricity, which may kill the foolish or bring prosperity in its train by rain and abundant harvests; to understand the highest spiritual hopes and fears so symbolized, we want the highest wisdom (30:24).

(6) And lastly, we may become so transformed that we rise above all petty, worldly, ephemeral things: Allah calls to us and we rise, as from our dead selves to a Height which we can only describe as the Heaven of stability: here no human processes serve, for the Call of Allah Himself has come (30:25-27).

Hazrat Hudhaifah  (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) used to say in the morning: "Allahumma bika asbahna, wa bika Amsaina, wa bika nahya, wa bika namutu, wa ilaikan-nushur (O Allah! With Your Power we have come to the morning, with Your Power we come to the evening, with Your Power we live, and we die, and to You will we return).'' In the evening he would say: "Allahumma bika Amsaina, wa bika nahya, wa bika namutu, wa ilaikan-nushur (O Allah! With Your Power, we have come to the evening, by You do we live, by You do we die, and to You is the return).''

[At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 3391 and Abu Dawud Hadith # 5068].  

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans] Ayat 23. “among His (Allah’s) Signs is the sleep that you take by night” It is desirable to recite the invocations cited in the Hadith in the morning and the evening.

[30].Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans]: Ayat 22

২২. তাঁর আরও এক নিদর্শন হচ্ছে নভোমন্ডল ও ভূমন্ডলের সৃজন এবং তোমাদের ভাষা ও বর্ণের বৈচিত্র। নিশ্চয় এতে জ্ঞানীদের জন্যে নিদর্শনাবলী রয়েছে।

Ayat 22. And among His (Allah’s) Signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the difference of your languages and colors. Verily, in that are indeed signs for men of sound knowledge.

Tafseer of Surah Al Rum (The Romans) Ayat 22. And among His Signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the variations in your languages and your colors: verily in that are Signs for those who know. The variations in languages and colors may be viewed from the geographical aspect or from the aspect of periods of time. All mankind was created of a single pair of parents; yet they have spread to different countries and climates and developed different languages and different shades of complexions. And yet their basic unity remains unaltered. They feel in the same way, and are all equally under Allah's care. Then there are the variations in time. Old languages die out and new ones are evolved. New conditions of life and thought are constantly evolving new words and expressions, new syntactical structures, and new modes of pronunciation. Even old races die, and new races are born.

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) took hold of my hand and said, "Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created the earth on Saturday, the mountains on Sunday, the trees on Monday, the things entailing labour on Tuesday, light on Wednesday, He spread out animals of all kinds on Thursday, and created Adam in the afternoon on Friday, and it was the last hour of Friday between the afternoon and the night.'' [Muslim Book 02, Chapter 39, Hadith # 6707].

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rum [The Romans] Ayat 22. And among His (Allah’s) Signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, What does "Day'' mean, and how long can it be? Its reality only Allah knows. We observe a day of 24 hours. However, the days of the formation of the universe are evidently different from our earthly days. According to the Arabic language, a day may mean just a moment, but also aeons (age) of time. In the Qur'an also, Allah has mentioned that a `day' may be of one thousand or fifty thousand years.