[33].Surah Al-Ahzab [The Confederates]: Ayat 34

৩৪. আল্লাহর আয়াত ও জ্ঞানগর্ভ কথা, যা তোমাদের গৃহে পঠিত হয় তোমরা সেগুলো স্মরণ করবে। নিশ্চয় আল্লাহ সূক্ষ্নদর্শী, সর্ববিষয়ে খবর রাখেন।

Ayat 34. And remember (O you the members of the Prophet's family, the Graces of your Lord), that which is recited in your houses of the Verses of Allah and Al­Hikmah (i.e. Prophet's Sunnah legal ways, etc. so give your thanks to Allah and glorify His Praises for this Qur'an and the Sunnah). Verily, Allah is Ever Most Courteous, Well Acquainted with all things.

Tafseer of Surah Al Ahzab (The Confederates) Ayat 34. And recite what is rehearsed to you in your homes, of the Signs of Allah and His Wisdom: for Allah understands the finest mysteries and is well acquainted (with them). The verb is u dhkurna, feminine gender, as referring to the Azwaj again. It means not only "remember" but "recite", "teach", "make known", "publish", the Message which ye learn at home from the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH), the fountain of spiritual knowledge. The "Signs of Allah" refer specifically to the verses of the Qur'an, and Wisdom to the resulting instruction derived therefrom. Cf. 22:63. Allah's understanding is perfect in every detail, however minute. Therefore use His Revelation for every phase of life.

Hazrat Ibn Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "He who does not memorize any part from the Qur'an he is likes the ruined house.'' [At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 2913] 

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Ahzab Ayat 34. “Recited in your houses of the Verses of Allah and Al­Hikmah” This Hadith means that the heart of that Muslim is devoid of grace of spiritualism and Grace of Allah who does not remember by heart any portion of the Qur'an, in the same way as a deserted house is deprived of inhabitants and Blessings of Allah. What we learn from this is that every Muslim must remember some portion of the Qur'an so that he is safe from the admonition mentioned in this Hadith.

[33].Surah Al-Ahzab [The Confederates]: Ayat 33

৩৩. তোমরা গৃহাভ্যন্তরে অবস্থান করবে-মূর্খতা যুগের অনুরূপ নিজেদেরকে প্রদর্শন করবে না। নামায কায়েম করবে, যাকাত প্রদান করবে এবং আল্লাহ ও তাঁর রসূলের আনুগত্য করবে। হে নবী পরিবারের সদস্যবর্গ। আল্লাহ কেবল চান তোমাদের থেকে অপবিত্রতা দূর করতে এবং তোমাদেরকে পূর্ণরূপে পূত-পবিত্র রাখতে।

Ayat 33. And O members of the family (of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) stay in your houses, and do not display yourselves like that of the times of ignorance, and perform As-Salat (Iqamat­ as­ Salat), and give Zakat and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah wishes only to remove Ar­-Rijs (evil deeds and sins, etc.) from you, O members of the family (of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH), and to purify you with a thorough purification.

Tafseer of Surah Al Ahzab (The Confederates) Ayat 33. And stay quietly in your houses, and make not a dazzling display, like that of the former Times of Ignorance; and establish regular Prayer, and give regular Charity; and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah only wishes to remove all abomination from you, ye Members of the Family, and to make you pure and spotless. Obedience to Allah's Law sums up all duties. Regular Prayer (seeking nearness to Allah) and Regular Charity (doing good to fellow-creatures) are mentioned as especially symbolical of our Religion. Notice the transition in this clause to the masculine gender, while before this the verbs and pronouns were in the feminine gender as referring to the Consorts. The statement in this clause is now more general including (besides the Consorts) the whole family, namely Hazrat Fatimah (May Allah be pleased with her) the daughter, Hazrat Ali (May Allah be pleased with him) the son-in-law, and their sons Hazrat AI Hasan and Hazrat Al Husain (May Allah be pleased with them), the beloved grandsons of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH). The masculine gender is used generally, in speaking of a mixed assembly of men and women.

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said,  "It is from the excellence of (a believer's) Islam that he should shun that which is of no concern to him".

[At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 2317].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Ahzab Ayat 33. “Obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah wishes only to remove Ar­-Rijs (evil deeds and sins, etc.) from you” This Hadith lays down a very important principle that one should avoid senseless talk and actions. If one acts upon this principle, he can save himself from many sins and evils.

[33].Surah Al-Ahzab [The Confederates]: Ayat 32

৩২. হে নবী পত্নীগণ! তোমরা অন্য নারীদের মত নও; যদি তোমরা আল্লাহকে ভয় কর, তবে পরপুরুষের সাথে কোমল ও আকর্ষনীয় ভঙ্গিতে কথা বলো না,ফলে সেই ব্যক্তি কুবাসনা করে, যার অন্তরে ব্যাধি রয়েছে তোমরা সঙ্গত কথাবার্তা বলবে।

Ayat 32. O wives of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH)! You are not like any other women. If you keep your duty (to Allah), then be not soft in speech, lest he in whose heart is a disease (of hypocrisy, or evil desire for adultery, etc.) should be moved with desire, but speak in an honorable manner.

Tafseer of Surah Al Ahzab (The Confederates) Ayat 32. O Consorts of the Prophet! Ye are not like any of the (other) women: if ye do fear ((Allah)), be not too complacent of speech, lest one in whose heart is a disease should be moved with desire: but speak ye a speech (that is) just. This is the core of the whole passage. The Prophet's Consorts were not like ordinary women, nor was their marriage an ordinary marriage, in which only personal or social considerations enter. They had a special position and special responsibilities, in the matter of guiding and instructing women who came into the fold of Islam. Islam is a Way of Life, and the Muslims are a family: women have as much place in Islam as men and their intimate instruction must obviously be through women. While they were to be kind and gentle to all, they were to be guarded on account of their special position lest people might misunderstand or take advantage of their kindness. They were to make no vulgar worldly displays as in the times of Paganism.

Hazrat Ibn Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Ukaz, Mijannah and Dhul-Majaz were markets during the pre-Islamic period. The Companions disliked trading there till the following Ayat of the Noble Qur'an were revealed: "There is no sin on you if you seek the Bounty of your Rubb (during Hajj pilgrimage by trading)...'' (2:198)  [Al-Bukhari Book 02, Chapter 26, Hadith # 822] 

Lesson : as mentioned above The Companions of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) considered trade and commerce during the months of Hajj as sinful because they thought that trade had a sort of resemblance with the bazaars which were arranged on the occasion of Hajj in the pre-Islamic period. Through the Ayah quoted in this Hadith, Almighty Allah removed their misunderstanding. Therefore, trade and commerce on this occasion do not violate the Hajj and Umrah. This is however, only a permission. If one wants to earn reward in the Hereafter through his utmost devotion to Allah, it is more meritorious to avoid commercial activities and wholeheartedly concentrate on the remembrance of Allah and His worship.  

[33].Surah Al-Ahzab [The Confederates]: Ayat 31

৩১. তোমাদের মধ্যে যে কেউ আল্লাহ ও তাঁর রসূলের অনুগত হবে এবং সৎকর্ম করবে, আমি তাকে দুবার পুরস্কার দেব এবং তার জন্য আমি সম্মান জনক রিযিক প্রস্তুত রেখেছি।

Ayat 31. And whosoever of you is obedient to Allah and His Messenger  [SAWW](PBUH), and does righteous good deeds, We shall give her, her reward twice over, and We have prepared for her Rizqan Karima (a noble provision Paradise).

Tafseer of Surah Al Ahzab (The Confederates) Ayat 31. But any of you that is devout in the service of Allah and His Messenger, and works righteousness, - to her shall We grant her reward twice: and We have prepared for her a generous Sustenance. Twice, i.e., once as a righteous woman and again as a Mother of the Believers, serving the believing women and thus showing her devotion to Allah and His Prophet. Sustenance: in the spiritual sense: all that is necessary to sustain her in happiness in her future life.

Hazrat Jabir Ibn Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) before sacrificing animal on 10th Zhual Hijjah supplicated these words, "I detaching myself from every one and concentrating on one". "Who created the heavens and the earth, and I am not one of the polytheists "Verily, my Salat (prayer), my sacrifice, my living, and my dying are for Allah, the Lord of the Universe ('Alamin all mankind, jinns and all that exists). O Allah (this sacrifice) it comes from you and is given to (sacrifice for) you. In the name of Allah, and Allah is Most Great" He then made sacrifice. [Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi]

Lesson: as mentioned above in This Hadith." Sacrificing animals on 10th, 11th & 12th Zhual Hijjah is conduct furnishes the principle that the reward of sacrificing something for Allah goes with its quality. The more precious the thing sacrificed, the greater its reward will be.  

Note: This Dua must be read in Arabic before sacrifice, reading translation in other languages is not recommended;

[33].Surah Al-Ahzab [The Confederates]: Ayat 30

৩০. হে নবী পত্নীগণ!তোমাদের মধ্যে কেউ প্রকাশ্য অশ্লীল কাজ করলে তাকে দ্বিগুণ শাস্তি দেয়া হবে। এটা আল্লাহর জন্য সহজ।

Ayat 30. O wives of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH)! Whoever of you commits open sins, the torment for her will be doubled, and that is ever easy for Allah.

Tafseer of Surah Al Ahzab (The Confederates) Ayat 30. O Consorts of the Prophet! If any of you were guilty of evident unseemly conduct, the Punishment would be doubled to her, and that is easy for Allah. Evident unseemly conduct: i.e., proved misconduct, as opposed to false slanders from enemies. Such slanders were of no account, but if any of them had behaved in an unseemly manner, it would have been a worse offence than in the case of ordinary women, on account of their special position. (Cf. 33:32). Of course none of them were in the least guilty. Cf. 33:19. But here the question is not about punishment or this kind of offence. Even minor indiscretions, in the case of women who were patterns of decorum, would have been reprehensible; and the punishment in the Hereafter is on a higher plane, which we can scarcely understand. But Allah can appreciate every shade of motive in us. More or less is possible there, which might not be possible in the rough and ready law which we administer here.

Hazrat Abu Qatadah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) was asked about the observance of Saum (fasting) on the day of `Arafah. He said, "It is expiation for the sins of the preceding year and the current year.'' [Muslim Book 006, Chapter 33, Hadith # 2603]. 

Lesson: as mentioned in this Hadith the ninth day of Dhul-Hijjah is called Yaum-Arafah. On this day, pilgrims stop and stand in prayers at Arafat which is the most important ritual of Hajj, so much so that Hajj is deemed incomplete without it. On that day, the pilgrims are engaged in the remembrance of Allah and prayers as that is their most important worship on that day. For this reason, Saum is not desirable for them, but for other people, Saum has a special merit. The importance and merit of this Saum can be judged from the fact that it expiates sins for two consecutive years: the previous year and the current year. But these sins relate only to the minor sins, not the major ones, or become a means of elevation of one's status.

[33].Surah Al-Ahzab [The Confederates]: Ayat 28-29

২৮. হে নবী, আপনার পত্নীগণকে বলুন, তোমরা যদি পার্থিব জীবন ও তার বিলাসিতা কামনা কর, তবে আস, আমি তোমাদের ভোগের ব্যবস্থা করে দেই এবং উত্তম পন্থায় তোমাদের বিদায় নেই।

২৯. পক্ষান্তরে যদি তোমরা আল্লাহ, তাঁর রসূল ও পরকাল কামনা কর, তবে তোমাদের সৎকর্মপরায়ণদের জন্য আল্লাহ মহা পুরস্কার প্রস্তুত করে রেখেছেন।

Ayat 28. O Prophet (Muhammad [SAWW](PBUH)! Say to your wives: If you desire the life of this world, and its glitter, then come! I will make a provision for you and set you free in a handsome manner (divorce).

Ayat 29. But if you desire Allah and His Messenger  [SAWW](PBUH), and the home of the Hereafter, then verily, Allah has prepared for Al­-Muhsinat (good doers) amongst you an enormous reward.

Tafseer of Surah Al Ahzab (The Confederates) Ayat 28 and 29. O Prophet [SAWW](PBUH),! Say to thy Consorts: "If it be that ye desire the life of this World, and its glitter,- then come! I will provide for your enjoyment and set you free in a handsome manner. We now come to the subject of the position of the Consorts of Purity ( azwaj mutahharat), the wives of the Prophet. Their position was not like that of ordinary women or ordinary wives. They had special duties and responsibilities. The only youthful marriage of the Prophet was his first marriage-that with Khadijah, the best of women and the best of wives. He married her fifteen years before he received the call to Prophet hood; the married life lasted for twenty-five years, and their mutual devotion was of the noblest, judged by spiritual as well as social standards. During her life he had no other wife, which was unusual for a man of his standing among his people. When she died, his age was 50, and but for two considerations, he would probably never have married again, as he was most abstemious in his physical life. The two considerations which governed his later marriages were: (1) compassion and clemency, as when he wanted to provide for suffering widows, who could not be provided for in any other way in that stage of society; some of them, like Sawdah, had issue by their former marriage, requiring protection; (2) help in his duties of leadership, with women, who had to be instructed and kept together in the large Muslim family, where women and men had similar social rights. Aishah, daughter of Abu Bakr, was clever and learned, and in Hadith she is an important authority on the life of the Prophet. Zaynab, daughter of Khuzaymah, was especially devoted to the poor: she was called the "Mother of the Poor". The other Zaynab, daughter of Jahsh, also worked for the poor, for whom she provided from the proceeds of her manual work, as she was skilled in leather work. But all the Consorts in their high position had to work and assist as Mothers of the Ummah. Theirs were not idle lives, like those of Odalisques, either for their own pleasure or the pleasure of their husband. They are told her that they had no place in the sacred Household if they merely wished for ease or worldly glitter. If such were the case, they could be divorced and amply provided for. 29. But if ye seek Allah and His Messenger, and the Home of the Hereafter, verily Allah has prepared for the well-doers amongst you a great reward. They were all well-doers. But being in their exalted position, they had extra responsibility, and they had to be especially careful to discharge it. In the same way, their reward would be "great", for higher services bring higher spiritual satisfaction, though they were asked to deny themselves some of the ordinary indulgences of life.

Hazrat Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "There is no day on which Allah sets free more slaves from Hell than He does on the Day of `Arafah (The day of Hajj 9th day of Zhual Hijjah).'' [Muslim Book 07, Chapter 77, Hadith # 3126].

Lesson : as mentioned above in Hadith Almighty Allah emancipates most of His slaves, both men and women from the Hell-fire on this great day. Millions of pilgrims, who by virtue of their sincere repentance, try to seek the Pleasure of Allah certainly stand to earn Allah's Pardon for their sins and thereby emancipation from the Hell-fire. May Allah grant us this grace of His.  

[33].Surah Al-Ahzab [The Confederates]: Ayat 26-27

২৬. কিতাবীদের মধ্যে যারা কাফেরদের পৃষ্টপোষকতা করেছিল, তাদেরকে তিনি তাদের দূর্গ থেকে নামিয়ে দিলেন এবং তাদের অন্তরে ভীতি নিক্ষেপ করলেন। ফলে তোমরা একদলকে হত্যা করছ এবং একদলকে বন্দী করছ।

২৭. তিনি তোমাদেরকে তাদের ভূমির, ঘর-বাড়ীর, ধন-সম্পদের এবং এমন এক ভূ-খন্ডের মালিক করে দিয়েছেন, যেখানে তোমরা অভিযান করনি। আল্লাহ সর্ববিষয়োপরি সর্বশক্তিমান।

Ayat 26. And those of the people of the Scripture who backed them (the disbelievers) Allah brought them down from their forts and cast terror into their hearts, (so that) a group (of them) you killed, and a group (of them) you made captives.

Ayat 27. And He caused you to inherit their lands, and their houses, and their riches, and a land which you had not trodden (before). And Allah is Able to do all things.

Tafseer of Surah Al Ahzab (The Confederates) Ayat 26 and 27. And those of the people of the Book who aided them - Allah did take them down from their strong holds and cast terror into their hearts. (So that) some ye slew, and some ye made prisoners. The reference is to the Jewish tribe of the Banu Qurayzah. They counted among the citizens of Madinah and were bound by solemn engagements to help in the defense of the city. But on the occasion of the Confederate siege by the Quraysh and their allies, they intrigued with the enemies and treacherously aided them. Immediately after the siege was raised and the Confederates had fled in hot haste, the Prophet turned his attention to the treacherous "friends" who had betrayed his City in the hour of danger. The Banu Qurayzah (see last note) were filled with terror and dismay when Madinah was free from the Quraysh danger. They shut themselves up in their castles about three or four miles to the east (or north east) of Madinah, and sustained a siege of 25 days, after which they surrendered, stipulating that they would abide by the decision of their fate at the hands of Hazrat Saad Ibn Muadh, chief of the Aws tribe, with which they had been in alliance. Saad applied to them the Jewish Law of the Old Testament, not as strictly as the case warranted. In Deut. 20:10-18, the treatment of a city "which is very far off from thee" is prescribed to be comparatively more lenient than the treatment of a city "of the people, which the Lord thy God does give thee for an inheritance," i.e., which is near enough to corrupt the religion of the Jewish people. The punishment for these is total annihilation: "thou shall save alive nothing that breatheth" (Deut. 20:16 ). The more lenient treatment for far-off cities is described in the next note. According to the Jewish standard, then, the Banu Qurayzah deserved total extermination-of men, women, and children. They were in the territory of Madinah itself, and further they had broken their engagements and helped the enemy. Saad adjudged them the mildest treatment of the "far-off" cities which is thus described in the Jewish Law: "Thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword: but the women and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself, and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the Lord thy God hath given thee" (Deut. 20:13-14). The men of the Qurayzah were slain: the women were sold as captives of war: and their lands and properties were divided among the Muhajirs. Ayat 27. And He made you heirs of their lands, their houses, and their goods, and of a land which ye had not frequented (before). And Allah has power over all things. If this part of the Surah was revealed after the autumn of the Hijrah year 7, it refers to the result of the Khyber expedition of that autumn. Khyber is a Harrah or volcanic tract, well-watered with many springs issuing from its basaltic rocks. It has a good irrigation system and produces good harvests of grain and dates in its wet valleys, while the outcrop of rocks in the high ground affords sites for numerous fortresses. At present it is inhabited chiefly by men of the race of Hazrat Bilal [RA](the Abyssinian) who played a prominent part in the expedition. It is a sort of island in the deserts on the outskirts of Najd . In the Prophet's time there were Jewish colonies settled here, but they were a source of constant trouble, especially after the Siege of Madinah. It became a nest of all the hostile Jewish elements expelled for their treachery from elsewhere. Its capital, Khyber, is about 90 miles due north of Madinah. Its inhabitants offered some resistance, and 'Ali, though he had just risen from a bed of illness, performed prodigies of velour. After its surrender, a land settlement was made, which retained the cultivators of the soil on the land, but brought them under control, so that no further focus of active hostility should remain near Madinah. The terms of the settlement will be found in the Maghazi of al Waqidi.

Hazrat Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: I said: "O Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) ! We consider Jihad as the best deed, should we not then go for Jihad?'' The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "The best Jihad for you women is Hajj Mabrur (i.e., one accepted by Allah).''

[Al-Bukhari Book 02, Chapter 26, Hadith # 595].

Lesson : This Hadith brings out the following points:

1. Hajj is compulsory once in a lifetime for those who have the means for it.

2. Unnecessary questioning is disliked.

3. Those who believe in Allah and His Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) are required to do what they are ordained and abstain from what they are forbidden.