[55] Surah Ar-Rahman [The Most Gracious]: Ayat 017-018

১৭. তিনি দুই উদয়াচল ও দুই অস্তাচলের মালিক।

১৮. অতএব, তোমরা উভয়ে তোমাদের পালনকর্তার কোন কোন অবদানকে অস্বীকার করবে?  

Ayat 17. (He is) the Lord of the two easts (places of sunrise during early summer and early winter) and the Lord of the two wests (places of sunset during early summer and early winter).  

Ayat 18. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinns and men) deny?

Tafseer of Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 55. 17 & 18. (He is) Lord of the two Easts and Lord of the two Wests: The two Easts are the two extreme points where the sun rises during the year, and includes all the points between. Similarly the two Wests include the two extreme points of the sun's setting and all the points between. The Dual Number fits in with the general atmosphere of Duality in this Surah. Allah is Lord of every region of the earth and sky, and He scatters His bounties everywhere. See also 43:38, and 37:5. 18. Then which of the favour of your Lord will ye deny? 

Hazrat Sahl bin Saad As-Saaidi (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man came to the Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) and said, "O Messenger of Allah, guide me to such an action which, if I do Allah will love me and the people will also love me.'' He the Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Have no desire for this world, Allah will love you; and have no desire for what people possess, and the people will love you.''  [Ibn Majah Hadith # 4102]

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 18. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord 
will you both (jinns and men) deny? “Zuhd'' (ascetism) does not mean renunciation of the world and obligations of life. What it really means is that one should be contented with what he possess and rid himself of greed. Islam neither permits renunciation of the world nor does it condemn genuine struggle to acquire wealth and riches. Therefore, involvement in worldly affairs and struggle for lawful means of livelihood are not against Zuhd. A person who is contented with the lawful means of income is a distinguished person as all his activities are exalted to the level of worship. Similarly, unconcern with the wealth and riches of others and ignoring them is a part of Zuhd and contentment. One additional advantage of it is that such a person wins the love and respect of the people because he who begs people, rather than Allah, has to suffer disgrace and is disliked by the people. The case of begging from Allah is just the opposite. The more a person begs Him, the more pleased He will be with him. In fact, He is displeased if someone does not beg Him. This has been exquisitely stated in an Arabic verse, the meaning of which is: "Do not stretch your hands before anyone for your needs, but beg from Him (Allah) whose door is always open". "If a person does not beg Him (Allah), He is displeased, while if one begs someone He becomes furious".

[55] Surah Ar-Rahman [The Most Gracious]: Ayat 014-016

১৪. তিনি মানুষকে সৃষ্টি করেছেন পোড়া মাটির ন্যায় শুষ্ক মৃত্তিকা থেকে।

১৫. এবং জিনকে সৃষ্টি করেছেন অগ্নিশিখা থেকে।

১৬. অতএব, তোমরা উভয়ে তোমাদের পালনকর্তার কোন কোন অনুগ্রহ অস্বীকার করবে?  

Ayat 14. He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the clay of pottery.

Ayat 15. And the jinns did He create from a smokeless flame of fire.

Ayat 16. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinns and men) deny?

Tafseer of Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 14 to 16. He created man from sounding clay like unto pottery. The creation of men and J inns is contrasted. Man was made of sounding clay, dry and brittle like pottery. The Jinn (see next note) was made from a clear flame of fire. Yet each has capacities and possibilities which only Allah's Grace bestows on them. How can they deny Allah's favour? 15. And He created Jinns from fire free of smoke: For the meaning of Jinn. They are spirits, and therefore subtle like a flame of fire. Their being free from smoke implies that they are free from grossness, for smoke is the grosser accompaniment of fire. 16. Then which of the favour of your Lord will ye deny? Part of the idea of this refrain will be found in 16:71, 72; 40:81: and 53:55.

Hazrat Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Angels were created from light, jinns were created from a smokeless flame of fire, and `Adam was created from that which you have been told (i.e., sounding clay like the clay of pottery).''  [Muslim Book 42, Chapter 12, Hadith # 7134].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 14. He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the clay of pottery” and Ayat 15. And the jinns did He create from a smokeless flame of fire" The angels are the creation of Allah which He created from light. Their bodies are so subtle that they can assume any form they like. The jinn are also an unperceptible creation of Allah. They have also been bestowed with such powers as are not possessed by humans. Satan also belongs to the jinn. Man has been created from sounding clay. The Hadith states the Great and the Perfect Powers of Allah that He can create whatever He likes from whatever He likes, and He can do whatever He wishes.

[55] Surah Ar-Rahman [The Most Gracious]: Ayat 010-013

১০. তিনি পৃথিবীকে স্থাপন করেছেন সৃষ্টজীবের জন্যে।

১১. এতে আছে ফলমূল এবং বহিরাবরণবিশিষ্ট খর্জুর বৃক্ষ।

১২. আর আছে খোসাবিশিষ্ট শস্য ও সুগন্ধি ফুল।

১৩. অতএব, তোমরা উভয়ে তোমাদের পালনকর্তার কোন কোন অনুগ্রহকে অস্বীকার করবে?   

Ayat 10. And the earth He has put for the creatures.

Ayat 11. Therein are fruits, date-palms producing sheathed fruit-stalks (enclosing dates).

Ayat 12. And also corn, with (its) leaves and stalk for fodder, and sweet-scented plants.

Ayat 13. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinns and men) deny?

Tafseer of Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 10. It is He Who has spread out the earth for (His) creatures: How can Allah's favour be counted? Look at the earth alone. Life and the conditions here are mutually balanced for Allah's creatures. The vegetable world produces fruit of various kinds and corn or grain of various kinds for human food. The grain harvest yields with it fodder for animals in the shape of leaves and straw as well as food for men in the shape of grain. The plants not only supply food but sweet-smelling herbs and flowers. Rayhan is the sweet basil, but is here used in the generic sense, for agreeable produce in the vegetable world, to match the useful produce already mentioned. 11. Therein is fruit and date-palms, producing spathes (enclosing dates); 12. Also corn, with (its) leaves and stalk for fodder, and sweet-smelling plants. 13. Then which of the favour of your Lord will ye deny? Both the pronoun "your" and the verb "will ye deny" are in the Arabic in the Dual Number. The whole Surah is a symphony of Duality, which leads up to Unity, as explained in the Introduction. All creation is in pairs: 51:49, and 26; 36:36. Justice is the conciliation of two opposites to unity, the settlement of the unending feud between Right and Wrong. The things and concepts mentioned in this Surah are in pairs: man and outer nature; sun and moon; herbs and trees; heavens and earth; fruit and corn; human food and fodder for cattle; things nourishing and things sweet-smelling; and so on throughout the Surah. Then there is man and Jinn. Will ye deny? that is, fail to acknowledge either in word or thought or in your conduct. If you misuse Allah's gifts or ignore them that is equivalent to ingratitude or denial or refusal to profit by Allah's infinite Grace. 

Hazrat Anas bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Among the inmates of Hell, a person who had led the most luxurious life in this world will be brought up on the Day of Resurrection and dipped in the Fire and will be asked: `O son of Adam! Did you ever experience any comfort? Did you happen to get any luxury?' He will reply: `By Allah, no, my Rubb.' And then one of the people of Jannah who had experienced extreme misery in the life of this world will be dipped in Jannah. Then he will be asked: `O son of Adam! Did you ever experience any misery? Did you ever encounter difficulty?' He will say: "By Allah, no my Rubb, I neither experienced misery nor passed through hardship".  [Muslim Book 39, Chapter 11, Hadith # 6738]. 

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 13. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinns and men) deny? This Hadith also induces one to work for the life of the Hereafter, as the amenities of this world which one strives hard to attain, and for which one violates the injunctions of Shari`ah, will be forgotten with a glimpse of the Hell-fire. Therefore, the sensible course is that one should adopt a way of life which is full of true faith and good deeds so that one becomes eligible for the eternal blessings and joys of the life of the Hereafter.

[55] Surah Ar-Rahman [The Most Gracious]: Ayat 007-009

৭. তিনি আকাশকে করেছেন সমুন্নত এবং স্থাপন করেছেন তুলাদন্ড।

৮. যাতে তোমরা সীমালংঘন না কর তুলাদন্ডে।

৯. তোমরা ন্যায্য ওজন কায়েম কর এবং ওজনে কম দিয়ো না।  

Ayat 7. And the heaven He has raised high, and He has set up the Balance.

Ayat 8. In order that you may not transgress (due) balance.

Ayat 9. And observe the weight with equity and do not make the balance deficient.

Tafseer of Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 7 to 9. And the Firmament has He raised high, and He has set up the Balance (of Justice), The "balance of justice" in this verse is connected with "the Balance" in the next two verses, that men may act justly to each other and observe due balance in all their actions, following the golden mean and not transgressing due bounds in anything. But the Balance is also connected figuratively with the heavens above in three symbols: (1) Justice is a heavenly virtue; (2) the heavens themselves are sustained by mathematical balance; and (3) the constellation Libra (the Balance) is entered by the sun at the middle of the zodiacal year. 8. In order that ye may not transgress (due) balance. 9. So establish weight with justice and fall not short in the balance. To be taken both literally and figuratively. A man should be honest and straight in every daily matter, such as weighing out things which he is selling: and he should be straight, just and honest, in all the highest dealings, not only with other people, but with himself and in his obedience to Allah's Law. Not many do either the one or the other when they have an opportunity of deceit. Justice is the central virtue, and the avoidance of both excess and defect in conduct keeps the human world balanced just as the heavenly world is kept balanced by mathematical order. 

Hazrat Abu Musa (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: when the Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH), feared mischief from a people, he would supplicate: "Allahumma inna naj`aluka fi nuhurihim, wa na`udhu bika min shururihim (O Allah! We ask You to face them, and seek Your Protection against their evil.'' [Abu Dawud Hadith # 1537 # and An-Nasa'i Hadith # 8631].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 8. In order that you may not transgress (due) balance" Allah's Help, we are told, is a protection against all perils. Through this prayer we seek His Help with the conviction that the deceptions and designs of the infidels will turn back upon them.

[55] Surah Ar-Rahman [The Most Gracious]: Ayat 005-006

৫. সূর্য ও চন্দ্র হিসাবমত চলে।

৬. এবং তৃণলতা ও বৃক্ষাদি সেজদারত আছে। 

Ayat 5. The sun and the moon run on their fixed courses (exactly) calculated with measured out stages for each (for reckoning, etc.).

Ayat 6. And the herbs (or stars) and the trees both prostrate.

Tafseer of Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 55. 5. The sun and the moon follow courses (exactly) computed; In the great astronomical universe there are exact mathematical laws, which bear witness to Allah's Wisdom and also to His favour to His creatures; for we all profit by the heat and light, the seasons, and the numerous changes in the tides and the atmosphere, on which the constitution of our globe and the maintenance of life depend. 6. And the herbs and the trees - both (alike) bow in adoration. Najm: may mean stars collectively, or herbs collectively; perhaps both meanings are implied. All nature adores Allah. Cf. 22:18; 13:15; and 16:48-49. 

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "The religion (of Islam) is easy, and whoever makes the religion a rigour, it will overpower him. So, follow a middle course (in worship); if you can't do this, do something near to it and give glad tidings and seek help (of Allah) at morn and at dusk and some part of night".  [Al-Bukhari Book 01, Chapter 02, Hadith # 038]

Lesson: Besides moderation in worship, this Hadith enjoins that such times should be fixed for worship when one is fresh so that one feels pleasure in performing it. But this principle is for optional and voluntary prayers only. Obligatory Salat are to be performed at the prescribed times only.

[55] Surah Ar-Rahman [The Most Gracious]: Ayat 001-004

১. করুনাময় আল্লাহ।

২. শিক্ষা দিয়েছেন কোরআন, 

৩. সৃষ্টি করেছেন মানুষ, 

৪. তাকে শিখিয়েছেন বর্ণনা।   

Ayat 1. The Most Beneficent (Allah)!

Ayat 2. Has taught (you mankind) the Qur’an (by His Mercy).

Ayat 3. He created man.

Ayat 4. He taught him eloquent speech.

Tafseer of Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 1 to 4. (Allah) Most Gracious! 2. It is He Who has taught the Qur´an. The Revelation comes from Allah Most Gracious, and it is one of the greatest Signs of His grace and favour. He is the source of all Light, and His light is diffused throughout the universe. 3. He has created man: 4. He has taught him speech (and intelligence). Bayan: intelligent speech: power of expression: capacity to understand clearly the relation of things and to explain them. Allah has given this to man, and besides this revelation in man's own heart, has aided him with revelation in nature and revelation through prophets and messengers. 

Hazrat Ibn Masud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said to me: "Recite the Qur'an to me". I said, "O Messenger of Allah! Shall I recite the Qur'an to you, when it has been revealed to you?'' He  [SAWW](PBUH) replied, "I love to hear it recited by others". So I recited to him a portion from Surat An-Nisa'. When I reached the Ayah: "How (will it be) then, when We bring from each nation a witness and We bring you (O Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) as a witness against these people?". (4:41) He [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Enough for now". When I looked at him I saw his eyes were shedding tears.  [Al-Bukhari Book 06, Chapter 60, Hadith # 106].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Ar-Rahman Ayat 4. He taught him eloquent speech" This Hadith tells us that besides the recitation of the Noble Qur'an, a Muslim should also listen to it from others so that he can contemplate further on it. It also makes one weep when one listens to the Noble Qur'an.

[54] Surah Al-Qamar [The Moon]: Ayat 053-055

৫৩. ছোট ও বড় সবই লিপিবদ্ধ।

৫৪. খোদাভীরুরা থাকবে জান্নাতে ও নির্ঝরিণীতে।

৫৫. যোগ্য আসনে, সর্বাধিপতি সম্রাটের সান্নিধ্যে।

   

Ayat 53. And everything, small and big is written (in Al-Lauh Al-Mahfouz already beforehand i.e. before it befalls, or is done by its doer) (See the Qur’an V.57:22).

Ayat 54. Verily, The Muttaqun (pious), will be in the midst of Gardens and Rivers (Paradise).

Ayat 55. In a seat of truth (i.e. Paradise), near the Omnipotent King (Allah, the All-Blessed, the Most High, the Owner of Majesty and Honour).

Tafseer of Surah Al-Qamar (The Moon) Ayat 53 to 55. Every matter, small and great, is on record. 54. As to the Righteous, they will be in the midst of Gardens and Rivers, The record, in the case of those who dishonored and violated Truth, will lead to their undoing; but in the case of those who honored the Truth and adopted it so as to shine in their righteous lives, the result is expressed by four metaphors, in an ascending degree of sublimity: (1) they will be in the midst of Gardens where rivers flow; (2) they will be in an Assembly of Truth; (3) in the Presence of Allah; (4) Whose sovereignty is omnipotent. "Gardens " with Rivers (flowing beneath): this has been explained more than once already: Cf. 43:70. The Garden suggests all the Bliss we can imagine through our senses. 55. In an Assembly of Truth, in the Presence of a Sovereign Omnipotent. While we possess our bodily senses, the best conceptions we can form are through our sense-perceptions, and the Garden is a good symbol from that point of view. The next higher understanding of spiritual truth is through our intellect and social satisfaction. This is best symbolized by the Assembly of Truth—the gathering in which we sit with our fellows and enjoy the realization of Truth and the dissipation of falsehoods and half-truths. But there is a higher conception still, something so intensely spiritual that it can only be expressed by reference to the Presence of Allah. Muqtadir, which is translated Omnipotent, implies something more: the eighth-declension form denotes not only complete mastery, but the further idea that the mastery arises form Allah's own nature, and depends on nothing else whatever. (R). 

Hazrat Hudhaifah Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: that they heard The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) saying, "Allah will assemble mankind, and the believers will stand till Jannah will be brought near them. They will then go to Adam (PBUH) and say, `O our father, ask (Allah (SWT), that Jannah may be opened for us, but he will reply: `There was nothing that put you out of Jannah except your father's sin. I am not the one to do that, go to my son Ibrahim (Abraham), the beloved man of Allah.' Then Ibrahim (PBUH) when approached, will say: `I am not the one to do that, for I was only a friend; and that is not a lofty status but ask Musa (Moses) to whom Allah spoke.' They will then go to Musa (PBUH) but he will say: `I am not the one to do that; go to `Isa (Jesus), Allah's Word and spirit.' `Isa (PBUH) will say: `I am not the one to do that.' So they will come to me; and I will stand and be given permission. Amanah and ties of relationship will be sent forth and will stand on the sides of the Sirat (that is, the Bridge set over Hell-fire) right and left, and the first of you will pass like lightning.'' I said (that is Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him)" :I ransom you with my father and mother, what is like the movement of lightning?'' The Messenger of Allah replied, "Have you not seen how the lightning goes and returns in the twinkling of an eye? Next (group will pass) like the passing of the breeze, next like the passing of a bird, and the next with the speed of a running man, according to the quality of their deeds. (During all this time) your Prophet (PBUH) will remain standing on the Bridge saying: `O my Rubb, keep (them) safe, keep (them) safe,' till men's deeds are so weak that a man comes who will be able only to crawl. On both sides of the Bridge pronged flesh hooks, placed under command will be hung and will seize those about whom they receive command, some people being lacerated and escaping and others being thrown violently into Hell.'' Abu Hurairah (RA) added: By Him in Whose Hand Abu Hurairah’ s soul is, the pit of Jahannam (Hell) is seventy years in depth.  [Muslim Book 01,Chapter 83, Hadith # 380]

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Qamar Ayat 54. Verily, The Muttaqun (pious), will be in the midst of Gardens and Rivers (Paradise)" This Hadith mentions the horrors of the Day of Resurrection which are evident from the fact that even Prophets will be fearful of Allah and making supplication to Him. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) alone will be requesting Allah for bestowing His Mercy on humans. This Hadith also describes the grace of the Prophet (PBUH) who will then intercede for all.