[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 015

১৫. তারা সেই লোকদের মত, যারা তাদের নিকট অতীতে নিজেদের কর্মের শাস্তিভোগ করেছে।  তাদের জন্যে রয়েছে যন্ত্রণাদায়ক শাস্তি।

Ayat 15. They are like their immediate predecessors (the Jews of Bani Qainuqa', who suffered), they tasted the evil result of their conduct, and (in the Hereafter, there is) for them a painful torment.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 16. (Their allies deceived them), like the Evil One, when he says to man, "Deny Allah.: but when (man) denies Allah, (the Evil One) says, "I am free of thee: I do fear Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!" An apt simile. Evil tempts man in all sorts of ways, and presents seductive promises and alliances to delude him into the belief that he will be saved from the consequences. The Evil One says, "Deny Allah": which means not merely denial in words, but denial in acts—disobedience of Allah's Law, deviation from the path of rectitude. When the sinner gets well into the mire, the Evil One says cynically: "How can I help you against Allah? Don't you see I am afraid of Him? All our alliances and understandings were moonshine. You must bear the consequences of your own folly." 

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Keep away from the seven fatalities.'' It was asked: "What are they, O Messenger of Allah?'' He [SAWW](PBUH) replied, "Associating anything with Allah in worship (i.e., committing an act of Shirk), sorcery, killing of one whom Allah has declared inviolable without a just cause, devouring the property of an orphan, the eating of usury (Riba), fleeing from the battlefield and accusing chaste believing women, who never even think of anything touching their chastity.''  [Al-Bukhari Book 04,Chapter 51, Hadith # 028]

Lesson: All the sins mentioned in the Hadith are major sins but Shirk is the greatest of all. The reason behind this is that it will never be pardoned, and one who commits it, will abide in Hell for all eternity. So far as the other major sins are concerned with Allah, He may forgive them if He so wills; otherwise one who is guilty of such sins will have to suffer the torments of Hell. He will, however, be sent to Jannah after suffering the punishment if he is a Muslim.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 014

১৪. তারা সংঘবদ্ধভাবেও তোমাদের বিরুদ্ধে যুদ্ধ করতে পারবে না। তারা যুদ্ধ করবে কেবল সুরক্ষিত জনপদে অথবা দুর্গ প্রাচীরের আড়াল থেকে।  তাদের পারস্পরিক যুদ্ধই প্রচন্ড হয়ে থাকে। আপনি তাদেরকে ঐক্যবদ্ধ মনে করবেন; কিন্তু তাদের অন্তর শতধাবিচ্ছিন্ন। এটা এ কারণে যে, তারা এক কান্ডজ্ঞানহীণ সম্প্রদায়।

Ayat 14. They fight not against you even together, except in fortified townships, or from behind walls. Their enmity among themselves is very great. You would think they were united, but their hearts are divided, that is because they are a people who understand not.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 14. They will not fight you (even) together, except in fortified townships, or from behind walls. Strong is their fighting (spirit) amongst themselves: thou wouldst think they were united, but their hearts are divided: that is because they are a people devoid of wisdom. They have not sufficient self-confidence or elan to sustain them in a fight except under material advantages or defenses. Even if they join forces, they have not sufficient trust in each other to expose themselves to open fighting. 'It may be that they have a strong fighting spirit among themselves, but they have no Cause to fight for and no common objective to achieve. The Makkan Pagans want to keep their own unjust autocracy; the Madinah Hypocrites wish for their own domination in Madinah; and the Jews want their racial superiority established over the Arabs, of whose growing union and power they are jealous.' Their pretended alliance could not stand the strain of either a defeat or a victory. If they had been wise, they would have accepted the Cause of Unity, Faith, and Truth. 

Hazrat Abu Thabit (Abu Saeed / Abu Waleed) heard from Hazrat Sahl bin Hunaif (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) said: "He who asks Allah for martyrdom, Allah will raise him to the high status of the martyrs, even if he dies on his bed".

[Muslim Book 20, Chapter 46, Hadith # 4695]. 

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 14. They fight not against you even together, except in fortified townships, or from behind walls.” This Hadith highlights the merit and importance of sincere intention which in fact is so great that by virtue of it Allah raises a person's status to that of a martyr. On the contrary, persons of foul intention will be consigned to Hell by Allah even if they die in Jihad.  

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 013

১৩. নিশ্চয় তোমরা তাদের অন্তরে আল্লাহ তা’আলা অপেক্ষা অধিকতর ভয়াবহ।  এটা এ কারণে যে, তারা এক নির্বোধ সম্প্রদায়।

Ayat 13. Verily, you (believers in the Oneness of Allah - Islamic Monotheism) are more awful as a fear in their (Jews of Bani An-Nadir) breasts than Allah. That is because they are a people who comprehend not (the Majesty and Power of Allah).

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 13. Of a truth ye are More feared in their hearts, then Allah. This is because they are men devoid of understanding. Being Unbelievers they fear you more than they fear Allah, because your velour they see, but in Allah they do not believe. An alternative construction would yield the meaning: "Ye Muslims, even if ye are weak numerically, or they may have other seeming advantages, ye are really stronger than they are, because they have a wholesome fear in the minds, and Allah sends such fear into the hearts of wrongdoers!" 

Hazrat Abu Dharr (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "I see what you do not see and I hear what you do not hear; heaven has squeaked, and it has right to do so. By Him, in Whose Hand my soul is, there is not a space of four fingers in which there is not an angel who is prostrating his forehead before Allah, the Exalted. By Allah, if you knew what I know, you would laugh little, weep much, and you would not enjoy women in beds, but would go out to the open space beseeching Allah".  [At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 2312]

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 13.” That is because they are a people who comprehend not (the Majesty and Power of Allah)" This Hadith also highlights the importance of fear of Allah because the more awareness a Muslim has of the Majesty and Magnificence of Allah, the greater shall be the terror in his heart for His punishment and hope of His Mercy. With this state of mind, he will perform greater acts of obedience and abstain more rigidly from sins.

2. The Hadith also mentions the heaven teeming with angels who are all the time prostrating before Allah in worship. When this is the condition of the angels, who do not slack for a moment in the obedience of Allah, how important it is for man to worship Him because he is all the time violating commands of Allah. It is, therefore, incumbent on man to obey Allah and always seek His Help and Refuge.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 012

১২. যদি তারা বহিস্কৃত হয়, তবে মুনাফিকরা তাদের সাথে দেশত্যাগ করবে না  আর যদি তারা আক্রান্ত হয়, তবে তারা তাদেরকে সাহায্য করবে না। যদি তাদেরকে সাহায্য করে, তবে অবশ্যই পৃষ্ঠপ্রদর্শন করে পলায়ন করবে। এরপর কাফেররা কোন সাহায্য পাবে না।

Ayat 12. Surely, if they (the Jews) are expelled, never will they (hypocrites) go out with them, and if they are attacked, they will never help them. And if they do help them, they (hypocrites) will turn their backs, so they will not be victorious.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 12. If they are expelled, never will they go out with them; and if they are attacked (in fight), they will never help them; and if they do help them, they will turn their backs; so they will receive no help. All hopes founded on iniquity and treachery are vain and illusory. There may be honour among thieves. But there is no honour as between dishonest intriguers, and they are not likely to get any real help from any quarter. 

Hazrat Aisha (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "I do not think that so-and-so understands anything of our Faith.''

[Al-Bukhari Book 08, Chapter 73, Hadith # 93]

Al-Bukhari said: Hazrat Al-Laith bin Saad (May Allah be pleased with him), who is one of the narrators of this Hadith, said: The two men mentioned by the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) in this Hadith were hypocrites (i.e., they revealed Faith and concealed disbelief). 

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 12.” they (hypocrites) will turn their backs, so they will not be victorious. Hypocrites are also people of mischievous and doubtful conduct. It is, therefore, not only permissible but necessary to make people aware of their real position so that people become cautious about them and their religious and worldly life may remain safe from their machinations.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 011

১১. আপনি কি মুনাফিকদেরকে দেখেন নি? তারা তাদের কিতাবধারী কাফের ভাইদেরকে বলেঃ তোমরা যদি বহিস্কৃত হও, তবে আমরা অবশ্যই তোমাদের সাথে দেশ থেকে বের হয়ে যাব এবং তোমাদের ব্যাপারে আমরা কখনও কারও কথা মানব না।  আর যদি তোমরা আক্রান্ত হও, তবে আমরা অবশ্যই তোমাদেরকে সাহায্য করব। আল্লাহ তা’আলা সাক্ষ্য দেন যে, ওরা নিশ্চয়ই মিথ্যাবাদী।

Ayat 11. Have you not observed the hypocrites who say to their friends among the people of the Scripture who disbelieve: "(By Allah) If you are expelled, we (too) indeed will go out with you, and we shall never obey any one against you, and if you are attacked (in fight), we shall indeed help you." But Allah is Witness, that they verily, are liars.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 11. Hast thou not observed the Hypocrites say to their misbelieving brethren among the People of the Book? "If ye are expelled, we too will go out with you, and we will never hearken to anyone in your affair; and if ye are attacked (in fight) we will help you". But Allah is witness that they are indeed liars. The Jews of Banu al Nadir had been assured by the Hypocrites of Madinah of their support to their cause. They had thought that their defection from the Prophet's Cause would so weaken that cause that they would save their friends. But they never intended to undertake any act involving self-sacrifice on their part; if they had helped their Jewish friends, it was not likely that they would have succeeded; and if they had actually gone to the fight, they had neither velour nor fervor to support them, and they would have fled ignominiously before the discipline, earnestness, and Faith of the men of Islam. For this actually happened. They never stirred a finger for the Jews, and they never intended to do so. And Allah knows all their motives and secrets.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-Aas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Four are the qualities which, when found in a person, make him a sheer hypocrite, and one who possesses one of them, possesses one characteristic of hypocrisy until he abandons it. These are: When he is entrusted with something, he betrays trust; when he speaks, he lies; when he promises, he acts treacherously; and when he argues, he behaves in a very imprudent, insulting manner.'' [Al-Bukhari 01, Chapter 02, Hadith # 033].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 11. Have you not observed the hypocrites who say to their friends among the people of the Scripture who disbelieve” Theologically speaking, a disagreement between heart and tongue - or word and deed - about the declaration of faith in Islam is defined as hypocrisy. In the lifetime of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) there existed a group of hypocrites whose traits of characters have been outlined in Ahadith. Humanly it is not possible to perceive malice hidden in one's heart. Even Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) hardly knew what lay in the hearts of people because, despite having the exalted status of Prophethood, he was fundamentally a human. Allah, however, had revealed hearts to him. But today, we have no error-free source to pick hypocrites from the ranks of believers. Quite naturally, we fall back on the Hadith which provides us definite symptoms of the character and manners of hypocrites so as to distinguish them from sincere Muslims. Ulama' say that there are two aspects of hypocrisy, relating to faith and practice. In the first case, a hypocrite conceals his disbelief in his heart but verbally professes Islam. Anyone who belongs to this category of hypocrites will be, as stated in the Qur'an: "In the lowest depths of the Fire.'' (4:145). In the second case, a man does have faith in his heart but in practice he portrays the characteristics of a hypocrite, unfortunately a majority of today's Muslims practically behave like hypocrites and possess their propensities. It is this hypocritical attitude and moral deficiencies of Muslims that have degraded them and made Islam unappealing. May Allah put Muslims on the right path!

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 010

১০. আর এই সম্পদ তাদের জন্যে, যারা তাদের পরে আগমন করেছে। তারা বলেঃ হে আমাদের পালনকর্তা, আমাদেরকে এবং ঈমানে আগ্রহী আমাদের ভ্রাতাগণকে ক্ষমা কর এবং ঈমানদারদের বিরুদ্ধে আমাদের অন্তরে কোন বিদ্বেষ রেখো না। হে আমাদের পালনকর্তা, আপনি দয়ালু, পরম করুণাময়।

Ayat 10. And those who came after them say: "Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who have preceded us in Faith, and put not in our hearts any hatred against those who have believed. Our Lord! You are indeed full of kindness, Most Merciful.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 10. And those who came after them say: "Our Lord! Forgive us, and our brethren who came before us into the Faith, and leave not, in our hearts, rancor (or sense of injury) against those who have believed. Our Lord! Thou art indeed Full of Kindness, Most Merciful." Those that came after them: the immediate meaning would refer to later arrivals in Madinah or later accessions to Islam, compared with the early Muhajirs. But the general meaning would include all future comers into the House of Islam. They pray, not only for themselves, but for all their brethren, and above all, they pray that their hearts may be purified of any desire or tendency to disparage the work or virtues of other Muslims or to feel any jealousy on account of their successes or good fortune.

Hazrat Abu Dharr and Mu`adh bin Jabal (May Allah be pleased with them) reported that: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Fear Allah wherever you are, do good deeds after doing bad ones, the former will wipe out the latter, and behave decently towards people" [At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 1987].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 10 “Our Lord! You are indeed full of kindness, Most Merciful"  Virtue obliterates vice means that virtue becomes an atonement for sin. But this applies to minor sins only because major ones will not be forgiven without sincere repentance. Similar is the case of encroachment on public rights which will not be forgiven without their compensation.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 009

৯. যারা মুহাজিরদের আগমনের পূর্বে মদীনায় বসবাস করেছিল এবং বিশ্বাস স্থাপন করেছিল,  তারা মুহাজিরদের ভালবাসে, মুহাজিরদেরকে যা দেয়া হয়েছে, তজ্জন্যে তারা অন্তরে ঈর্ষাপোষণ করে না এবং নিজেরা অভাবগ্রস্ত হলেও তাদেরকে অগ্রাধিকার দান করে। যারা মনের কার্পণ্য থেকে মুক্ত, তারাই সফলকাম।

Ayat 9. And those who, before them, had homes (in Al-Madinah) and had adopted the Faith, love those who emigrate to them, and have no jealousy in their breasts for that which they have been given (from the booty of Bani An-Nadir), and give them (emigrants) preference over themselves, even though they were in need of that. And whosoever is saved from his own covetousness, such are they who will be the successful.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 09. But those who before them, had homes (in Medina) and had adopted the Faith,- show their affection to such as came to them for refuge, and entertain no desire in their hearts for things given to the (latter), but give them preference over themselves, even though poverty was their (own lot). And those saved from the covetousness of their own souls,- they are the ones that achieve prosperity. This refers to the Ansar (the Helpers), the people of Madinah, who accepted Islam when it was persecuted in Makkah, and who invited the Prophet to join them and become their Leader in Madinah. The Hijrah was possible because of their good will and their generous hospitality.  They entertained the Prophet and all the refugees (Muhajirs) who came with him. The most remarkable ties of full brotherhood were established between individual members of the one group and the other. Until the Ummah got its own resources, the Helpers regularly gave and the Refugees regularly received. The Helpers counted it a privilege to entertain the Refugees, and even the poor vied with the rich in their spirit of self-sacrifice. When the confiscated land and property of Banu Nadir was divided, and the major portion was assigned to the refugees, there was not the least jealousy on the part of the Helpers. They rejoiced in the good fortune of their brethren. And incidentally they were themselves relieved of anxiety and responsibility on their behalf. 

Hazrat Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "When a Muslim plants a tree, whatever is eaten from it is charity from him and whatever is stolen is charity and whatever is subtracted from it is charity". [Muslim Book 010, Chapter 23, Hadith # 3764].

Another narration says: "If a Muslim plants a tree, or sows a field and men and beasts and birds eat from it, all of it is charity from him".  [Muslim Book 010, Chapter 23, Hadith # 3766].

Lesson : This Hadith highlights the importance of gardening and agriculture. It is also one of the merits of these two occupations that if someone patiently bears the loss that he suffers due to pilferage or theft of their produce, he is rewarded for it.