[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 015

১৫. তারা সেই লোকদের মত, যারা তাদের নিকট অতীতে নিজেদের কর্মের শাস্তিভোগ করেছে।  তাদের জন্যে রয়েছে যন্ত্রণাদায়ক শাস্তি।

Ayat 15. They are like their immediate predecessors (the Jews of Bani Qainuqa', who suffered), they tasted the evil result of their conduct, and (in the Hereafter, there is) for them a painful torment.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 16. (Their allies deceived them), like the Evil One, when he says to man, "Deny Allah.: but when (man) denies Allah, (the Evil One) says, "I am free of thee: I do fear Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!" An apt simile. Evil tempts man in all sorts of ways, and presents seductive promises and alliances to delude him into the belief that he will be saved from the consequences. The Evil One says, "Deny Allah": which means not merely denial in words, but denial in acts—disobedience of Allah's Law, deviation from the path of rectitude. When the sinner gets well into the mire, the Evil One says cynically: "How can I help you against Allah? Don't you see I am afraid of Him? All our alliances and understandings were moonshine. You must bear the consequences of your own folly." 

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Keep away from the seven fatalities.'' It was asked: "What are they, O Messenger of Allah?'' He [SAWW](PBUH) replied, "Associating anything with Allah in worship (i.e., committing an act of Shirk), sorcery, killing of one whom Allah has declared inviolable without a just cause, devouring the property of an orphan, the eating of usury (Riba), fleeing from the battlefield and accusing chaste believing women, who never even think of anything touching their chastity.''  [Al-Bukhari Book 04,Chapter 51, Hadith # 028]

Lesson: All the sins mentioned in the Hadith are major sins but Shirk is the greatest of all. The reason behind this is that it will never be pardoned, and one who commits it, will abide in Hell for all eternity. So far as the other major sins are concerned with Allah, He may forgive them if He so wills; otherwise one who is guilty of such sins will have to suffer the torments of Hell. He will, however, be sent to Jannah after suffering the punishment if he is a Muslim.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 014

১৪. তারা সংঘবদ্ধভাবেও তোমাদের বিরুদ্ধে যুদ্ধ করতে পারবে না। তারা যুদ্ধ করবে কেবল সুরক্ষিত জনপদে অথবা দুর্গ প্রাচীরের আড়াল থেকে।  তাদের পারস্পরিক যুদ্ধই প্রচন্ড হয়ে থাকে। আপনি তাদেরকে ঐক্যবদ্ধ মনে করবেন; কিন্তু তাদের অন্তর শতধাবিচ্ছিন্ন। এটা এ কারণে যে, তারা এক কান্ডজ্ঞানহীণ সম্প্রদায়।

Ayat 14. They fight not against you even together, except in fortified townships, or from behind walls. Their enmity among themselves is very great. You would think they were united, but their hearts are divided, that is because they are a people who understand not.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 14. They will not fight you (even) together, except in fortified townships, or from behind walls. Strong is their fighting (spirit) amongst themselves: thou wouldst think they were united, but their hearts are divided: that is because they are a people devoid of wisdom. They have not sufficient self-confidence or elan to sustain them in a fight except under material advantages or defenses. Even if they join forces, they have not sufficient trust in each other to expose themselves to open fighting. 'It may be that they have a strong fighting spirit among themselves, but they have no Cause to fight for and no common objective to achieve. The Makkan Pagans want to keep their own unjust autocracy; the Madinah Hypocrites wish for their own domination in Madinah; and the Jews want their racial superiority established over the Arabs, of whose growing union and power they are jealous.' Their pretended alliance could not stand the strain of either a defeat or a victory. If they had been wise, they would have accepted the Cause of Unity, Faith, and Truth. 

Hazrat Abu Thabit (Abu Saeed / Abu Waleed) heard from Hazrat Sahl bin Hunaif (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) said: "He who asks Allah for martyrdom, Allah will raise him to the high status of the martyrs, even if he dies on his bed".

[Muslim Book 20, Chapter 46, Hadith # 4695]. 

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 14. They fight not against you even together, except in fortified townships, or from behind walls.” This Hadith highlights the merit and importance of sincere intention which in fact is so great that by virtue of it Allah raises a person's status to that of a martyr. On the contrary, persons of foul intention will be consigned to Hell by Allah even if they die in Jihad.  

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 013

১৩. নিশ্চয় তোমরা তাদের অন্তরে আল্লাহ তা’আলা অপেক্ষা অধিকতর ভয়াবহ।  এটা এ কারণে যে, তারা এক নির্বোধ সম্প্রদায়।

Ayat 13. Verily, you (believers in the Oneness of Allah - Islamic Monotheism) are more awful as a fear in their (Jews of Bani An-Nadir) breasts than Allah. That is because they are a people who comprehend not (the Majesty and Power of Allah).

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 13. Of a truth ye are More feared in their hearts, then Allah. This is because they are men devoid of understanding. Being Unbelievers they fear you more than they fear Allah, because your velour they see, but in Allah they do not believe. An alternative construction would yield the meaning: "Ye Muslims, even if ye are weak numerically, or they may have other seeming advantages, ye are really stronger than they are, because they have a wholesome fear in the minds, and Allah sends such fear into the hearts of wrongdoers!" 

Hazrat Abu Dharr (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "I see what you do not see and I hear what you do not hear; heaven has squeaked, and it has right to do so. By Him, in Whose Hand my soul is, there is not a space of four fingers in which there is not an angel who is prostrating his forehead before Allah, the Exalted. By Allah, if you knew what I know, you would laugh little, weep much, and you would not enjoy women in beds, but would go out to the open space beseeching Allah".  [At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 2312]

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 13.” That is because they are a people who comprehend not (the Majesty and Power of Allah)" This Hadith also highlights the importance of fear of Allah because the more awareness a Muslim has of the Majesty and Magnificence of Allah, the greater shall be the terror in his heart for His punishment and hope of His Mercy. With this state of mind, he will perform greater acts of obedience and abstain more rigidly from sins.

2. The Hadith also mentions the heaven teeming with angels who are all the time prostrating before Allah in worship. When this is the condition of the angels, who do not slack for a moment in the obedience of Allah, how important it is for man to worship Him because he is all the time violating commands of Allah. It is, therefore, incumbent on man to obey Allah and always seek His Help and Refuge.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 012

১২. যদি তারা বহিস্কৃত হয়, তবে মুনাফিকরা তাদের সাথে দেশত্যাগ করবে না  আর যদি তারা আক্রান্ত হয়, তবে তারা তাদেরকে সাহায্য করবে না। যদি তাদেরকে সাহায্য করে, তবে অবশ্যই পৃষ্ঠপ্রদর্শন করে পলায়ন করবে। এরপর কাফেররা কোন সাহায্য পাবে না।

Ayat 12. Surely, if they (the Jews) are expelled, never will they (hypocrites) go out with them, and if they are attacked, they will never help them. And if they do help them, they (hypocrites) will turn their backs, so they will not be victorious.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 12. If they are expelled, never will they go out with them; and if they are attacked (in fight), they will never help them; and if they do help them, they will turn their backs; so they will receive no help. All hopes founded on iniquity and treachery are vain and illusory. There may be honour among thieves. But there is no honour as between dishonest intriguers, and they are not likely to get any real help from any quarter. 

Hazrat Aisha (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said, "I do not think that so-and-so understands anything of our Faith.''

[Al-Bukhari Book 08, Chapter 73, Hadith # 93]

Al-Bukhari said: Hazrat Al-Laith bin Saad (May Allah be pleased with him), who is one of the narrators of this Hadith, said: The two men mentioned by the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) in this Hadith were hypocrites (i.e., they revealed Faith and concealed disbelief). 

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 12.” they (hypocrites) will turn their backs, so they will not be victorious. Hypocrites are also people of mischievous and doubtful conduct. It is, therefore, not only permissible but necessary to make people aware of their real position so that people become cautious about them and their religious and worldly life may remain safe from their machinations.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 011

১১. আপনি কি মুনাফিকদেরকে দেখেন নি? তারা তাদের কিতাবধারী কাফের ভাইদেরকে বলেঃ তোমরা যদি বহিস্কৃত হও, তবে আমরা অবশ্যই তোমাদের সাথে দেশ থেকে বের হয়ে যাব এবং তোমাদের ব্যাপারে আমরা কখনও কারও কথা মানব না।  আর যদি তোমরা আক্রান্ত হও, তবে আমরা অবশ্যই তোমাদেরকে সাহায্য করব। আল্লাহ তা’আলা সাক্ষ্য দেন যে, ওরা নিশ্চয়ই মিথ্যাবাদী।

Ayat 11. Have you not observed the hypocrites who say to their friends among the people of the Scripture who disbelieve: "(By Allah) If you are expelled, we (too) indeed will go out with you, and we shall never obey any one against you, and if you are attacked (in fight), we shall indeed help you." But Allah is Witness, that they verily, are liars.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 11. Hast thou not observed the Hypocrites say to their misbelieving brethren among the People of the Book? "If ye are expelled, we too will go out with you, and we will never hearken to anyone in your affair; and if ye are attacked (in fight) we will help you". But Allah is witness that they are indeed liars. The Jews of Banu al Nadir had been assured by the Hypocrites of Madinah of their support to their cause. They had thought that their defection from the Prophet's Cause would so weaken that cause that they would save their friends. But they never intended to undertake any act involving self-sacrifice on their part; if they had helped their Jewish friends, it was not likely that they would have succeeded; and if they had actually gone to the fight, they had neither velour nor fervor to support them, and they would have fled ignominiously before the discipline, earnestness, and Faith of the men of Islam. For this actually happened. They never stirred a finger for the Jews, and they never intended to do so. And Allah knows all their motives and secrets.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-Aas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Four are the qualities which, when found in a person, make him a sheer hypocrite, and one who possesses one of them, possesses one characteristic of hypocrisy until he abandons it. These are: When he is entrusted with something, he betrays trust; when he speaks, he lies; when he promises, he acts treacherously; and when he argues, he behaves in a very imprudent, insulting manner.'' [Al-Bukhari 01, Chapter 02, Hadith # 033].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 11. Have you not observed the hypocrites who say to their friends among the people of the Scripture who disbelieve” Theologically speaking, a disagreement between heart and tongue - or word and deed - about the declaration of faith in Islam is defined as hypocrisy. In the lifetime of the Prophet  [SAWW](PBUH) there existed a group of hypocrites whose traits of characters have been outlined in Ahadith. Humanly it is not possible to perceive malice hidden in one's heart. Even Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) hardly knew what lay in the hearts of people because, despite having the exalted status of Prophethood, he was fundamentally a human. Allah, however, had revealed hearts to him. But today, we have no error-free source to pick hypocrites from the ranks of believers. Quite naturally, we fall back on the Hadith which provides us definite symptoms of the character and manners of hypocrites so as to distinguish them from sincere Muslims. Ulama' say that there are two aspects of hypocrisy, relating to faith and practice. In the first case, a hypocrite conceals his disbelief in his heart but verbally professes Islam. Anyone who belongs to this category of hypocrites will be, as stated in the Qur'an: "In the lowest depths of the Fire.'' (4:145). In the second case, a man does have faith in his heart but in practice he portrays the characteristics of a hypocrite, unfortunately a majority of today's Muslims practically behave like hypocrites and possess their propensities. It is this hypocritical attitude and moral deficiencies of Muslims that have degraded them and made Islam unappealing. May Allah put Muslims on the right path!

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 010

১০. আর এই সম্পদ তাদের জন্যে, যারা তাদের পরে আগমন করেছে। তারা বলেঃ হে আমাদের পালনকর্তা, আমাদেরকে এবং ঈমানে আগ্রহী আমাদের ভ্রাতাগণকে ক্ষমা কর এবং ঈমানদারদের বিরুদ্ধে আমাদের অন্তরে কোন বিদ্বেষ রেখো না। হে আমাদের পালনকর্তা, আপনি দয়ালু, পরম করুণাময়।

Ayat 10. And those who came after them say: "Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who have preceded us in Faith, and put not in our hearts any hatred against those who have believed. Our Lord! You are indeed full of kindness, Most Merciful.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 10. And those who came after them say: "Our Lord! Forgive us, and our brethren who came before us into the Faith, and leave not, in our hearts, rancor (or sense of injury) against those who have believed. Our Lord! Thou art indeed Full of Kindness, Most Merciful." Those that came after them: the immediate meaning would refer to later arrivals in Madinah or later accessions to Islam, compared with the early Muhajirs. But the general meaning would include all future comers into the House of Islam. They pray, not only for themselves, but for all their brethren, and above all, they pray that their hearts may be purified of any desire or tendency to disparage the work or virtues of other Muslims or to feel any jealousy on account of their successes or good fortune.

Hazrat Abu Dharr and Mu`adh bin Jabal (May Allah be pleased with them) reported that: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Fear Allah wherever you are, do good deeds after doing bad ones, the former will wipe out the latter, and behave decently towards people" [At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 1987].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 10 “Our Lord! You are indeed full of kindness, Most Merciful"  Virtue obliterates vice means that virtue becomes an atonement for sin. But this applies to minor sins only because major ones will not be forgiven without sincere repentance. Similar is the case of encroachment on public rights which will not be forgiven without their compensation.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 009

৯. যারা মুহাজিরদের আগমনের পূর্বে মদীনায় বসবাস করেছিল এবং বিশ্বাস স্থাপন করেছিল,  তারা মুহাজিরদের ভালবাসে, মুহাজিরদেরকে যা দেয়া হয়েছে, তজ্জন্যে তারা অন্তরে ঈর্ষাপোষণ করে না এবং নিজেরা অভাবগ্রস্ত হলেও তাদেরকে অগ্রাধিকার দান করে। যারা মনের কার্পণ্য থেকে মুক্ত, তারাই সফলকাম।

Ayat 9. And those who, before them, had homes (in Al-Madinah) and had adopted the Faith, love those who emigrate to them, and have no jealousy in their breasts for that which they have been given (from the booty of Bani An-Nadir), and give them (emigrants) preference over themselves, even though they were in need of that. And whosoever is saved from his own covetousness, such are they who will be the successful.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 09. But those who before them, had homes (in Medina) and had adopted the Faith,- show their affection to such as came to them for refuge, and entertain no desire in their hearts for things given to the (latter), but give them preference over themselves, even though poverty was their (own lot). And those saved from the covetousness of their own souls,- they are the ones that achieve prosperity. This refers to the Ansar (the Helpers), the people of Madinah, who accepted Islam when it was persecuted in Makkah, and who invited the Prophet to join them and become their Leader in Madinah. The Hijrah was possible because of their good will and their generous hospitality.  They entertained the Prophet and all the refugees (Muhajirs) who came with him. The most remarkable ties of full brotherhood were established between individual members of the one group and the other. Until the Ummah got its own resources, the Helpers regularly gave and the Refugees regularly received. The Helpers counted it a privilege to entertain the Refugees, and even the poor vied with the rich in their spirit of self-sacrifice. When the confiscated land and property of Banu Nadir was divided, and the major portion was assigned to the refugees, there was not the least jealousy on the part of the Helpers. They rejoiced in the good fortune of their brethren. And incidentally they were themselves relieved of anxiety and responsibility on their behalf. 

Hazrat Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "When a Muslim plants a tree, whatever is eaten from it is charity from him and whatever is stolen is charity and whatever is subtracted from it is charity". [Muslim Book 010, Chapter 23, Hadith # 3764].

Another narration says: "If a Muslim plants a tree, or sows a field and men and beasts and birds eat from it, all of it is charity from him".  [Muslim Book 010, Chapter 23, Hadith # 3766].

Lesson : This Hadith highlights the importance of gardening and agriculture. It is also one of the merits of these two occupations that if someone patiently bears the loss that he suffers due to pilferage or theft of their produce, he is rewarded for it.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 008

৮. এই ধন-সম্পদ দেশত্যাগী নিঃস্বদের জন্যে, যারা আল্লাহর অনুগ্রহ ও সন্তুষ্টিলাভের অন্বেষণে এবং আল্লাহ তাঁর রসূলের সাহায্যার্থে নিজেদের বাস্তুভিটা ও ধন-সম্পদ থেকে বহিস্কৃত হয়েছে।  তারাই সত্যবাদী।

Ayat 8. (And there is also a share in this booty) for the poor emigrants, who were expelled from their homes and their property, seeking Bounties from Allah and to please Him. And helping Allah (i.e. helping His religion) and His Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH). Such are indeed the truthful (to what they say);-

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 8. (Some part is due) to the indigent Muhajirs, those who were expelled from their homes and their property, while seeking Grace from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure, and aiding Allah and His Messenger. such are indeed the sincere ones:- The Muhajirs are those who forsook their homes and property in Makkah in order to assist the Prophet in his migration to Madinah (Hijrah). Their devotion and sincerity were proved beyond doubt by their self-denial, and they were now to be rewarded. 

Hazrat Zaid bin Khalid (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "He who equips a Ghazi (fighter) in the way of Allah is as if he has taken part in the fighting himself; and he who looks after the dependents of a Ghazi in his absence, is as if he has taken part in the fighting himself.''  [Al-Bukhari Hadith #2843].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 08.” who were expelled from their homes and their property, seeking Bounties from Allah and to please Him” This Hadith tells us about the mutual help of the Muslims and the reward of their cooperation with one another. To provide the needs of Jihad of a Mujahid and to arrange for the protection, supervision and requirements of the family of a Mujahid during his absence from home due to Jihad is as good as participation in Jihad. Those who help the Mujahid in this manner will have the same reward to which the Mujahid is entitled.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 007

৭. আল্লাহ জনপদবাসীদের কাছ থেকে তাঁর রসূলকে যা দিয়েছেন, তা আল্লাহর, রসূলের, তাঁর আত্নীয়-স্বজনের, ইয়াতীমদের, অভাবগ্রস্তদের এবং মুসাফিরদের জন্যে, যাতে ধনৈশ্বর্য্য কেবল তোমাদের বিত্তশালীদের মধ্যেই পুঞ্জীভূত না হয়।  রসূল তোমাদেরকে যা দেন, তা গ্রহণ কর এবং যা নিষেধ করেন, তা থেকে বিরত থাক এবং আল্লাহকে ভয় কর। নিশ্চয় আল্লাহ কঠোর শাস্তিদাতা।

Ayat 7. What Allah gave as booty (Fai') to His Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) from the people of the townships, - it is for Allah, His Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH), the kindred (of Messenger Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH), the orphans, Al­-Masakin (the poor), and the wayfarer, in order that it may not become a fortune used by the rich among you. And whatsoever the Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) gives you, take it, and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain (from it), and fear Allah. Verily, Allah is Severe in punishment.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 7. What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from the people(5380) of the townships,- belongs to Allah,- to His Messenger and to kindred and orphans, the needy and the wayfarer; In order that it may not (merely) make a circuit between the wealthy among you. So take what the Messenger assigns to you, and deny yourselves that which he withholds from you. And fear Allah. for Allah is strict in Punishment. The Jews had originally come from outside Arabia , and seized on the land near Madinah. They refused to adapt themselves to the people of Arabia , and were in fact a morn in the side of the genuine Arabs of Madinah. Their dispossession is therefore a restoration of the land to its original people. But the word Fa' is here understood in a technical sense, as meaning property abandoned by the enemy or taken from him without a formal war. In that sense it is distinguished from Anfal, or spoils, taken after actual fighting, about which see 8:1, 41. The people of the townships: the townships were the Jewish settlements round Madinah, of Banu al Nadir and possibly of other tribes. Cf. the "townships" mentioned in 59:14 below. The reference cannot be to Wadi al Qura ( Valley of Towns ), now Median Salih, which was subjugated after Khyber and Fadak in A.H. 7, unless this verse is later than the rest of the Surah. Belongs to Allah: i.e., to Allah's Cause; and the beneficiaries are further detailed. No shares are fixed; they depend upon circumstances, and are left to the Judgement of the Leader. Compare a similar list of those entitled to Charity, in 2:177, but the two lists refer to different circumstances and have different beneficiaries in addition to the portion common to both. Alternatively these words may be translated: "So take what the Messenger  gives you, and refrain from what he prohibits you". 

Hazrat Ibn Masud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: After the battle of Hunain, Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) favored some people in the distribution of spoils (for consolation). He gave Al-Aqra bin Habis and Uyainah bin Hisn a hundred camels each and showed favour also to some more honorable persons among the Arabs. Someone said: "This division is not based on justice and it was not intended to win the Pleasure of Allah.'' I said to myself: "By Allah! I will inform Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) of this.'' I went to him and informed him. His face became red and he said, "Who will do justice if Allah and His Messenger do not?'' Then he said, "May Allah have mercy on (Prophet) Musa (Moses)[A.S]; he was caused more distress than this but he remained patient.'' Having heard this I said to myself: "I shall never convey anything of this kind to him in future". [Al-Bukhari Book 04, Chapter 53, Hadith # 378].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 7. What Allah gave as booty (Fai') to His Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) from the people of the townships" This Hadith leads to the conclusion that the leader of the people or the calipha has a right, if situation demands, to give to the new Muslims and other influential and respectable people of the society more than others for their satisfaction and encouragement. The man who raised objection on the distribution of booty by the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) was a hypocrite. Devout Muslims could never think that the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) could be unjust to anyone. This incident also goes to prove that the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) also felt as much as others did, the things which infuriated or pleased others, because he was a man and not a superhuman being.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 006

৬. আল্লাহ বনু-বনুযায়রের কাছ থেকে তাঁর রসূলকে যে ধন-সম্পদ দিয়েছেন, তজ্জন্যে তোমরা ঘোড়ায় কিংবা উটে চড়ে যুদ্ধ করনি,  কিন্তু আল্লাহ যার উপর ইচ্ছা, তাঁর রসূলগণকে প্রাধান্য দান করেন। আল্লাহ সবকিছুর উপর সর্বশক্তিমান।

Ayat 6. And what Allah gave as booty (Fai') to His Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) from them, for which you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry. But Allah gives power to His Messengers over whomsoever He wills. And Allah is Able to do all things.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 6. What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from them - for this ye made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry: but Allah gives power to His messengers over any He pleases: and Allah has power over all things. Neither cavalry nor troops mounted on camels were employed in the siege. In fact the enemy surrendered at the first onset. See 59:2. Allah accomplishes His Purpose in various ways, according to His Wise and Holy Will and Plan. In some cases a fight is necessary. In some cases the godly attain their objective and overawe the forces of evil without actual fighting.

Hazrat Imran bin Husain (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "The best of you, are my contemporaries, then those who follow them, then those who will come after them. (`Imran said, I do not know if he said this twice or thrice). Then, they will be followed by those who will testify but will not be called upon to testify; they will betray the trust, and will not be trusted. They will make vows but will not fulfill them, and obesity will prevail among them.''  [Al-Bukhari Book 03, Chapter 48, Hadith # 819]

Lesson: In this Hadith, three eras have been called as the best of ages in a graded order: first, the Prophetic era, second, the Successors' era, and third, the Followers of the Successors' era. Goodness and religion collectively prevailed during this time. Then gradually there was an overall deterioration and every new era that the pass of time brought it, proved to be worse than the preceding one. Today's Muslims have fallen due to their weakness in character. Now, the majority of Muslims lack morals and belief as described in the Qur'an and the Hadith. The complaint is to be lodged only with Allah!

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 005

৫. তোমরা যে কিছু কিছু খর্জুর বৃক্ষ কেটে দিয়েছ এবং কতক না কেটে ছেড়ে দিয়েছ, তা তো আল্লাহরই আদেশ  এবং যাতে তিনি অবাধ্যদেরকে লাঞ্ছিত করেন।

Ayat 5. What you (O Muslims) cut down of the palm-trees (of the enemy), or you left them standing on their stems, it was by Leave of Allah, and in order that He might disgrace the Fasiqun (rebellious, disobedient to Allah).

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 5. Whether ye cut down (O ye Muslim!) The tender palm trees, or ye left them standing on their roots, it was by leave of Allah, and in order that He might cover with shame the rebellious transgresses. The unnecessary cutting down of fruit trees or destruction of crops, or any wanton destruction whatever in war, is forbidden by the law and practice of Islam. But some destruction may be necessary for putting pressure on the enemy, and to that extent it is allowed. But as far as possible, consistently with that objective of military operations, such trees should not be cut down. Both these principles are in accordance with the Divine Will, and were followed by the Muslims in their expedition. The arrogance of Banu al Nadir had to be humbled, and their power for mischief destroyed.

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah  [SAWW](PBUH) said,  "There will be afflictions (in the near future) during which a sitting person will be better than a standing one, and the standing one will be better than the walking one, and the walking one will be better than the running one, and whoever will expose himself to these afflictions, they will destroy him. So whoever can find a place of protection or refuge from them, should take shelter in it."  [Al-Bukhari Volume 9, Book 88, Number 202]. 

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 05. “He might disgrace the Fasiqun (rebellious, disobedient to Allah)” There would be such disasters and agony in the world that people will prefer hide in peace to save their life under such conditions. This situation will arise before the Day of Resurrection, and the Day of Judgment will dawn on such wicked people.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 004

৪. এটা এ কারণে যে, তারা আল্লাহ ও তাঁর রসূলের বিরুদ্ধাচরণ করেছে।  যে আল্লাহর বিরুদ্ধাচরণ করে, তার জানা উচিত যে, আল্লাহ কঠোর শাস্তিদাতা।

Ayat 4. That is because they opposed Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH). And whosoever opposes Allah, then verily, Allah is Severe in punishment.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 4. That is because they resisted Allah and His Messenger and if anyone resists Allah, verily Allah is severe in Punishment. The punishment of Banu al Nadir was because in breaking their plighted word with the Messenger and in actively resisting Allah's Message and supporting the enemies of that Message, they rebelled against His Holy Will. For such treason and rebellion the punishment is severe, and yet in this case it was seasoned with Mercy.

Hazrat Irbad bin Sariyah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: One day Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) delivered us a very eloquent Khutbah on account of which eyes shed tears and hearts were full of tears. A man said: "O Prophet of Allah, this is as if it were a parting advice. So advise us". He [SAWW](PBUH) said, "I admonish you to fear Allah, to listen and obey even if an Abyssinian slave is appointed as your leader. Because whosoever among you shall live after me, will see much discord. So hold fast to my Sunnah and the examples of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs who will come after me. Adhere to them and hold to it fast. Beware of new things (in Deen) because every Bid`ah is a misguidance". [Abu Dawud Hadith # 4607 and At-Tirmidhi Hadith # 2676].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 4. That is because they opposed Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH). And whosoever opposes Allah, then verily, Allah is Severe in punishment. This Hadith stresses piety, obedience to the leader, following in the footsteps of the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) and the first four noble caliphs. It strictly forbids innovation in Deen. This Hadith also reveals the prediction of the Prophet (PBUH) that the Muslim Ummah will become a victim of dissension. He also prescribed the right means to counteract it. The remedy that he has proposed for this problem is that Muslims should never deviate from the path laid for them by him and his righteous successors. This is the touchstone for discovering the truth from the mess of different views. All the troubles of Muslims would come to an end if they accept this as the one singular criterion of right and wrong.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 003

৩. আল্লাহ যদি তাদের জন্যে নির্বাসন অবধারিত না করতেন, তবে তাদেরকে দুনিয়াতে শাস্তি দিতেন।  আর পরকালে তাদের জন্যে রয়েছে জাহান্নামের আযাব।

Ayat 3. And had it not been that Allah had decreed exile for them, He would certainly have punished them in this world, and in the Hereafter theirs shall be the torment of the Fire.

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat And had it not been that Allah had decreed banishment for them, He would certainly have punished them in this world: And in the Hereafter they shall (certainly) have the Punishment of the Fire. Banishment was a comparatively mild punishment for them, but the Providence of Allah had decreed that a chance should be given to them even though they were a treacherous foe. Within two years, their brethren the Banu Qurayzah showed that they had not profited by their example, and had to be dealt with in another way.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Masud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Never a Prophet had been sent before me by Allah to his people but he had, among his people, (his) disciples and companions, who followed his ways and obeyed his command. Then there came after them their successors who proclaimed what they did not practice, and practiced what they were not commanded to do. And (he) who strove against them with his hand is a believer; he who strove against them with his heart is a believer; and he who strove against them with his tongue is a believer ; and beyond that there is no grain of Faith".  [Muslim Book 01, Chapter 21, Hadith # 081].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 3. And had it not been that Allah had decreed exile for them, He would certainly have punished them in this world” This Hadith contains a very important prescription to prevent the Muslim society from all things which are forbidden in Islam. So long as Muslims adhered to it and ceaselessly and fearlessly performed their obligation of enjoining the right and forbidding the wrong, their society was largely safe from many evils and sins.

[59] Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering]: Ayat 001-002

১. নভোমন্ডল ও ভূমন্ডলে যা কিছু আছে, সবই আল্লাহর পবিত্রতা বর্ণনা করে। তিনি পরাক্রমশালী মহাজ্ঞানী।

২. তিনিই কিতাবধারীদের মধ্যে যারা কাফের, তাদেরকে প্রথমবার একত্রিত করে তাদের বাড়ী-ঘর থেকে বহিস্কার করেছেন। তোমরা ধারণাও করতে পারনি যে, তারা বের হবে এবং তারা মনে করেছিল যে, তাদের দূর্গগুলো তাদেরকে আল্লাহর কবল থেকে রক্ষা করবে। অতঃপর আল্লাহর শাস্তি তাদের উপর এমনদিক থেকে আসল, যার কল্পনাও তারা করেনি। আল্লাহ তাদের অন্তরে ত্রাস সঞ্চার করে দিলেন। তারা তাদের বাড়ী-ঘর নিজেদের হাতে এবং মুসলমানদের হাতে ধ্বংস করছিল। অতএব, হে চক্ষুষ্মান ব্যক্তিগণ, তোমরা শিক্ষা গ্রহণ কর। 

Ayat 1. Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth glorifies Allah. And He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.

Ayat 2. He it is Who drove out the disbelievers among the people of the Scripture (i.e. the Jews of the tribe of Bani An-Nadir) from their homes at the first gathering. You did not think that they would get out. And they thought that their fortresses would defend them from Allah! But Allah’s (Torment) reached them from a place whereof they expected it not, and He cast terror into their hearts, so that they destroyed their own dwellings with their own hands and the hands of the believers. Then take admonition, O you with eyes (to see).

Tafseer of Surah Al-Hashr [The Gathering] Ayat 1. Whatever is in the heavens and on earth, let it declare the Praises and Glory of Allah. for He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise. This verse, introducing the Surah is identical with 57:1, introducing S. 57. The theme of both is the wonderful working of Allah's Plan and Providence . In the one case it referred to the conquest of Makkah and taught the lesson of humility. In this case it refers to the dislodgement of the treacherous Banu al Nadir from their nest if intrigue in the neighborhood of Madinah, practically without a blow. See next note. 2. It is He Who got out the Unbelievers among the People of the Book from their homes at the first gathering (of the forces). Little did ye think that they would get out: And they thought that their fortresses would defend them from Allah. But the (Wrath of) Allah Came to them from quarters from which they little expected (it), and cast terror into their hearts, so that they destroyed their dwellings by their own hands and the hands of the Believers, take warning, then, O ye with eyes (to see)! This refers to the Jewish tribe of Banu al Nadir whose intrigues and treachery nearly undid die. Muslim cause during the perilous days of the battle Uhud in Shawwal, A.H. 3. Four months after, in Rabi' al Awwal, A.H. 4, steps were taken against them. They were asked to leave the strategic position which they occupied, about three miles south of Madinah, endangering the very existence of the Ummah in Madinah. At first they demurred, relying on their fortresses and on their secret alliances with the Pagans of Makkah and the Hypocrites of Madinah. But when the Muslim army was gathered to punish them and actually besieged them for some days, their allies stirred not a finger in their aid, and they were wise enough to leave. Most of them joined their brethren in Syria , which they were permitted to do, after being disarmed. Some of them joined their brethren in Khyber: see 33:27. Banu al Nadir richly deserved punishment, but their lives were spared, and they were allowed to carry away their goods and chattels. That is, without actual hostilities, and the shedding of precious Muslim blood. They had played a double game. Originally they were sworn allies of the Madinah Muslims under the Prophet, but they secretly intrigued with the Makkah Pagans under Abu Sufyan and the Madinah Hypocrites. They even tried treacherously to take the life of the Prophet while he was on a visit to them, breaking both the laws of hospitality and their own sworn alliance. They thought the Pagan Quraysh of Makkah and the Hypocrites of Madinah would help them, but they did not help them. On the contrary the eleven day siege showed them their own helplessness. Their supplies were cut off: the exigencies of the siege necessitated the destruction of their outlying palm trees; and the unexpected turn in their fortunes disheartened diem. Their hearts were struck with terror and they capitulated. But they laid waste their homes before they left. Their lives were spared, and they were allowed ten days in which to remove themselves, their families, and such goods as they could carry. In order to leave no habitations for the Muslims they demolished their own houses and laid waste their property, to complete the destruction which the operations of war had already caused at the hands of the besieging force of the Muslims. 

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "The religion (of Islam) is easy, and whoever makes the religion a rigour, it will overpower him. So, follow a middle course (in worship); if you can't do this, do something near to it and give glad tidings and seek help (of Allah) at morning and at dusk and some part of night".  [Al-Bukhari Volume 01, Chapter 02, Hadith # 38].

Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah Al-Hashr Ayat 2. He it is Who drove out the disbelievers among the people of the Scripture” It mentions the refined character and compassion of the Prophets which has an important lesson for those who preach righteousness. They should be always prepared to face hardships involved in inviting people to the right path and, instead of retaliation, forgive their audience and pray for their guidance. These noble qualities are extremely important for those who are devoted to preach religion.