[19].Surah Maryam [Mary] : Ayat 42

Ayat 42. When he said to his father: "O my father! Why do you worship that which hears not, sees not and cannot avail you in anything?

[Tafseer] The reference to Abraham [PBUH] here is in relation to his tender solicitude for his father, who had not received the light of Unity, and to whom Abraham [PBUH] wanted to be a guide and friend. (When he said unto his father) Azar: (O my father! Why worship pest thou) beside Allah (that which hearth not) when called upon (nor seeth) when you worship it, (nor can in aught avail thee) from Allah's chastisement? 

Hazrat Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "If anyone introduces or does something contrary to our way (i.e., Islam) which does not belong to it, will be rejected".  The narration in Muslim says: "If anybody introduces a practice which is not authenticated by me, it is to be rejected".

[Muslim Book 18, Chapter 06, Hadith # 4266]

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Maryam Ayat 42."Why do you worship that which hears not, sees not" This Hadith lays down a very important principle. Unfortunately, Muslims have not attached any importance to this Hadith and the principle given in it with the result that innovations in the Deen have become so common that they have been taken for true Deen; our people act upon them and are made to practice them. One reason for this is their lack of education and ignorance about Deen. The second reason is their lack of understanding of the principle prescribed in this Hadith although it is stated in very explicit terms. The principle that we learn from this Hadith is that every such action or activity is innovation which is done as a virtue and to gain the Pleasure of Allah but is not consonant with the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah, or which does not agree with the interpretation of the Nuss (text) given by the Companions of the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) or their successors (Tabi'un). The reason being that the period of the Companions and the Tabi'un is the Khair-ul-Qurun (the best of all generations). Thus any action or activity that is deprived of the support of these generations falls in the category of heresies.    

[19].Surah Maryam [Mary]: Ayat 40

Ayat 40. Verily! We will inherit the earth and whatsoever is thereon. And to Us they all shall be returned,

[Tafseer] Material property passes from one to another: when one dies another inherits it. Allah gives life and death, and all that survives after physical death goes back to Allah, the original source of all things. (Lo! We inherit the earth and all who are thereon,) We possess the earth; it is also said that this means: We cause to die whoever is in the earth and give them life again (and unto Us they are returned) on the Day of Judgment such that I reward them for their deeds: a good deed for a good deed and an evil deed for an evil deed. 

Hazrat Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I came to the Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) while he was reciting (Surat At-Takathur 102): "The mutual rivalry (for hoarding worldly things) preoccupy you. Until you visit the graves (i.e., till you die).(102:1-8) (After reciting) he Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "Son of Adam says: `My wealth, my wealth.' Do you own of your wealth other than what you eat and consume, and what you wear and wear out, or what you give in Sadaqah (charity) (to those who deserve it), and that what you will have in stock for yourself.''

[Muslim Book 01,Chapter 42, Hadith # 7061] 

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Maryam Ayat 40."Verily! We will inherit the earth and whatsoever is thereon" This Hadith enjoins that if a person is given wealth, he should spend it in the ways liked by Allah because it is this Sadaqah which will be a valuable treasure in the Afterlife. Whatever else he consumes in this world, will finish or rot in this world and will be of no avail in Hereafter.  

[19].Surah Maryam [Mary] : Ayat 39

Ayat 39. And warn them (O Muhammad  [SAWW](PBUH) of the Day of grief and regrets, when the case has been decided, while (now) they are in a state of carelessness, and they believe not.

[Tafseer] (And warn them) O Muhammad [SAWW](PBUH)(of the Day of anguish) of the Day of regret (when the case hath been decided) when the reckoning is over and the people of Paradise enter Paradise and the people of hell enter hell and Death is slain. (Now they are in a state of carelessness) in a state of ignorance and blindness concerning it, (and they believe not) in Muhammad (PBUH) in the Qur'an or in resurrection after death.

Hazrat Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "My parable and that of yours is like a man who kindled a fire. When it has illuminated all around him, the moths and grasshoppers began to fall therein. He tried to push them away, but they overcame him and jumped into it. I am catching hold of your waists ties (to save you) from fire, but you slip away from my hands".

[Muslim Book 030,Chapter 06, Hadith # 5672] 

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Maryam Ayat 39."And warn them (O Muhammad [SAWW](PBUH) of the Day of grief and regrets," This Hadith mentions the extreme kindness which the Prophet (PBUH) had for the welfare of his followers. It also mentions the misfortune of those who would become the fuel of Hell for not accepting Islam in spite of the utmost affection and ardour of the Prophet (PBUH) to bring them in the fold of Islam. People who fail to accept Islam would fall in the Hell-fire in the same way moths fall in the fire.  

[19].Surah Maryam [Mary] :Ayat 38

Ayat 38. How clearly will they (polytheists and disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah) see and hear, the Day when they will appear before Us! But the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers) today are in plain error.

[Tafseer] (See and hear them) how well they will see and hear (on the Day they come unto Us) this is the Day of Judgement, that Jesus is not Allah, His son or partner! (Yet the evil-doers) the idolaters (are today) in this worldly life (in error manifest) in manifest disbelief because of saying that Jesus is Allah, His son or His partner.  

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) said, "On the Day of Resurrection, there will be brought forth a bulky person whose value to Allah will be less than that of the wing of a mosquito".

[Al-Bukhari Book 02,Chapter 23, Hadith # 379] 

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Maryam Ayat 38."the Day when they will appear before Us! But the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers) today are in plain error" "Bewailing'' is wailing over the dead. It is weeping loudly for the deceased describing his noble qualities or the problems created by his death. Wailing causes trouble to the deceased if he willed his heirs to do so, or in his own life he behaved in the same manner and his family members were following his style of mourning at his death. But if the deceased had forbidden his relatives from wailing over his death and they do it despite his warning against doing so, then the deceased will not suffer any torment on their wailing because his intention and training have no connection with it. The Qur'anic injunction in this matter is absolutely clear: "No one laden with burdens can bear another's burden.'' (17:15).

[19].Surah Maryam [Mary] : Ayat 37

Ayat 37. Then the sects differed [i.e. the Christians about 'Iesâ (Jesus)], so woe unto the disbelievers [those who gave false witness by saying that 'Iesâ (Jesus) is the son of Allah] from the meeting of a great Day (i.e. the Day of Resurrection, when they will be thrown in the blazing Fire).

[Tafseer] Judgement the word in the original is Mashhad , which implies many things: (1) the time or place where evidence is taken, as in a Court of Judgement; (2) the time or place where people are produced (to be judged); and (3) the occasion for such production for the taking of evidence. A very expressive phrase for the Day of Judgement.  

Hazrat Ibn Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH)observed Saum (fasting) on the day of `Ashura' and commanded us to fast on this day. [Al-Bukhari] 

Lesson : Ashura' 10th of Muharram. In another Hadith, it is stated that when the Prophet (PBUH) emigrated from Makkah to Al-Madinah, he saw that the Jews were fasting on this day. He asked them why they did this on that day, and they told him that they did it for the reason that Allah granted Prophet Musa emancipation from Pharaoh on this day, and so they observed Saum in token of their joy. On this, he (PBUH) said that in this happiness of Prophet Musa, Muslims have a greater right to observe Saum than the Jews. Consequently, he also observed Saum on 10th of Muharram. Then, he said that if he lived the following year, he would observe Saum on 9th of Muharram also so that they would make themselves different from the Jews. According to another Hadith, he (PBUH) ordained the Muslims to observe Saum on `Ashura' and in addition one more Saum on 9th or 11th of Muharram in opposition to the Jews.

[19].Surah Maryam [Mary] : Ayat 36

Ayat 36. ['Iesâ (Jesus) said]: "And verily Allah is my Lord and your Lord. So worship Him (Alone). That is the Straight Path. (Allah's Religion of Islamic Monotheism which He did ordain for all of His Prophets)."

[Tafseer] As opposed to the crooked superstitions which take refuge in all sorts of metaphysical sophistries to prove three in one and one in three. In the Qur'an there is no crookedness (18:1). Christ's teaching was simple, like his life, but the Christians have made it crooked.  

Hazrat Abu Qatadah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah [SAWW](PBUH) was asked about observing As-Saum (the fast) on the tenth day of Muharram, and he replied, "It is an expiation for the sins of the preceding year.''

[Muslim Book 06,Chapter 33, Hadith # 2603] 

Lesson : as mentioned above in Surah Maryam Ayat 36."That is the Straight Path" Ashura' 10th of Muharram. In another Hadith, it is stated that when the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) emigrated from Makkah to Al-Madinah, he saw that the Jews were fasting on this day. He asked them why they did this on that day, and they told him that they did it for the reason that Allah granted Prophet Musa emancipation from Pharaoh on this day, and so they observed Saum in token of their joy. On this, he (PBUH) said that in this happiness of Prophet Musa, Muslims have a greater right to observe Saum than the Jews. Consequently, he also observed Saum on 10th of Muharram. Then, he said that if he lived the following year, he would observe Saum on 9th of Muharram also so that they would make themselves different from the Jews. According to another Hadith, he (PBUH) ordained the Muslims to observe Saum on `Ashura' and in addition one more Saum on 9th or 11th of Muharram in opposition to the Jews. Some people think these words stand to mean that `he will observe Saum on the 9th of Muharram only. But this interpretation does not agree with other Ahadith. In order to oppose the Jews, he [SAWW](PBUH) resolved to observe one more Saum with that of 10th of Muharram and ordained it for the Muslims. In this connection, we have quoted above the authority from Musnad Ahmad. Hence, the meanings we have given in the translation of the text are correct.