Ayat
12. (It was
said to his son): "O Yahya (John)! Hold fast the Scripture [the Taurat
(Torah)]." And We gave him wisdom while yet a child.
Ayat 13. And (made him)
sympathetic to men as a mercy (or a grant) from Us, and pure from sins [i.e.
Yahya (John)] and he was righteous,
Ayat 14. And dutiful towards his
parents, and he was neither an arrogant nor disobedient (to Allah or to his
parents).
Ayat 15. And Salamun
(peace) be on him the day he was born, the day he dies, and the day he will
be raised up to life
(again)!
[Tafseer]
Time passes. The son is born. In this section of the
Surah the centre of interest is Yahya, and the Instruction is now given to him.
'Keep fast hold of Allah's revelation with all your might': for an unbelieving
world had either corrupted or
neglected it, and Yahya (John the Baptist) was to prepare the way for Jesus, who
was coming to renew and re-interpret it. Hukm, translated
Wisdom, implies something more than Wisdom; it is the Wisdom or Judgment that is
entitled to judge and command, as in the matter of denouncing sin. John the Baptist
did not live long. He was imprisoned by Herod, the tetrarch (provincial ruler
under the Roman Empire ), whom he had reproved for his sins, and eventually
beheaded at the instigation of a woman with whom Herod was infatuated. But even
in his young life, he was granted (1) wisdom by Allah, for he boldly denounced
sin: (2) gentle pity and love for all Allah's creatures, for he moved among the
humble and lowly, and despised "soft raiment": and (3) purity of life, for he
renounced the world and lived in the wilderness. All his work he did in his
youth. These things showed themselves in his conduct, for he was devout, showing
love to Allah and to Allah's creatures, and more particularly to his parents
(for we are considering that aspect of his life): this was also shown by the
fact that he never used violence, from an attitude of arrogance, nor entertained
a spirit of rebellion against divine Law. This is spoken as in the lifetime of
Yahya. Peace and Allah's Blessings were on him when he was born; they continue
when he is about to die an unjust death at the hands of a tyrant; and they will
be specially manifest at the Day of
Judgment.
Hazrat
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be
pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah 
[SAWW](PBUH) said, "When a man dies, his deeds come to an end except for three
things: Sadaqah Jariyah (ceaseless charity); a knowledge which is beneficial, or
a virtuous descendants (pious son) who prays for him (for the deceased).''
[Muslim
Book 13,Chapter 04, Hadith #
4005].
Lesson : as
mentioned above in Surah Maryam Ayat 14."And dutiful towards
his parents, and he was neither an arrogant nor disobedient (to Allah or to his
parents)" "His deeds come to an end''
means that he does not any longer receive the return and reward on his actions.
But there are three categories of actions on which he receives reward even after
his death. First, Sadaqah Jariyah such as building a mosque, or a hospital, or
digging a well. As long as people will benefit from these, he will receive a
reward for them. Second, "knowledge which is beneficial'' means to impart
knowledge to others or to propagate knowledge by means of one's books. As long
as this medium of teaching will continue and his books will be studied and
people will benefit from them, he will receive a reward for it. Third, virtuous
descendants. Training of children on the right lines is essential so that after
a person's death they continue to pray for him. The prayer of children in favour
of parents is highly useful.
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